OOP6 Polymorphism Flashcards
What is function overloading?
The use of the same name for different functions, distinguished by their parameter lists
What is a generic algorithm?
An algorithm where a series of steps or operations are defined but the data type of the items being manipulated are not.
What is operator overloading?
Allows to redefine the standard C++ operators
What does typedef keyword do?
Defines a data type with a new user generated identifier
What is a generic data type?
A type for which the operations are defined but the data being manipulated is not
What is a class template?
A construct whereby the compiler may generate multiple versions of a class through parameterised data types
How to define a class template?
template <parameter>
Class Definition {};</parameter>
What is a template parameter?
A parameter that is used in the template definition
What is required type of a parameter template parameter?
class/typename
How to instantiate a new class from a template?
template<class>
class GList {…};
…
GList<int> intList;</int></class>
Newly instantiated classes from templates are called?
Generated classes, template classes
How can the relationship between a class template and template classes be defined?
A template class is a specialisation of the class template
What is a function template?
A construct that allows the compiler to generate multiple versions of a function according to allowing parameterised data types
How to define a function template?
template<class>
void GList<ItemType>::foo(ItemType i)
{…}</ItemType></class>
Template functions should use const reference parameters. Why?
Because they are much more efficient for memory
Const reference parameters for template functions ensure what?
That the object being oassed by const reference, will only allow its const functions (observer/accessor functions) to execute within the scope of this function
How to instantiate a template function?
template<typename>
void Foo(ItemType i)
{…}
…
Foo<int>(i);</int></typename>
The template argument of a function template is optional. True or false?
True
How does the compiler know which template function to call with no template argument list?
It examines the type of the passed argument
How to define an overloaded operator function?
returnType operator<(const itemType& comparatorItem) const
{…}
How do overloaded operators compare two variables?
The first operand is the one on the left, the passed parameter is the second operand
What operators cannot be overloaded?
sizeof(), ., ::, ?:
How to overload a unary operator?
dataType operator-() const;
What does the this keyword do?
This contains a pointer to whichever object that the function where this is called belongs to
How can you refer to the actual object itself inside an object?
Dereference the this keyword, like so: *this
What keyword is used for a function to prevent it from being overridden?
Final
Early and late binding are other words for:
Static and dynamic binding
Which are the only two types of member functions that can use dynamic binding/virtual keyword, and what cannot?
Ordinary members, destructors, NOT friend, static or constructors
How is a pure virtual function defined?
It has no body, used in base class but must be overridden in the derived class, ended with = 0;,
Destructor functions must be ___ if the object will be manipulated polymorphically
Virtual
Why must polymorphic classes have virtual destructors?
The base class destructor might be called instead, producing undefined behaviour
Pointer variables for base classes can accept pointers for which types?
The base class and any derived class
