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Herpetology > Ontario Herps > Flashcards

Ontario Herps Flashcards

1
Q

Spotted Salamander Scientific Name

A

Ambystoma maculatum

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2
Q

Spotted Salamander Status

A

Not assessed

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3
Q

Spotted Salamander Description

A
  • Broadly rounded Snout
  • Intercostal grooves
  • Yellow-orange spots
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4
Q

Ambystoma maculatum

A

Spotted Salamander

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5
Q

Salamander

  • Broadly rounded Snout
  • Intercostal grooves
  • Yellow-orange spots
A

Spotted Salamander

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6
Q

Small-Mouthed Salamander Scientific Name

A

Ambystoma texanum

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7
Q

Small-Mouthed Salamander Status

A

Endangered

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8
Q

Ambystoma texanum

A

Small-Mouthed Salamander

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9
Q

Blue-Spotted Salamander Scientific Name

A

Ambystoma laterale

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10
Q

Blue-Spotted Salamander Status

A

Not assessed

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11
Q

Blue-Spotted Salamander Description

A
  • Blue spots
  • Long tail, oval at base and compressed at tip
  • Mix with Jefferson’s salamanders
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12
Q

Ambystoma laterale

A

Blue-Spotted Salamander

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13
Q

Salamander

  • Blue spots
  • Long tail, oval at base and compressed at tip
  • Mix with Jefferson’s salamanders
A

Blue-Spotted Salamander

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14
Q

Jefferson’s Salamander Scientific Name

A

Ambystoma jeffersonianum

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15
Q

Jefferson’s Salamander Status

A

Endangered

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16
Q

Jefferson’s Salamander Description

A
  • Long snout
  • Long toes
  • Mix with blue-spotteds so may have blue spots
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17
Q

Ambystoma jeffersonianum

A

Jefferson’s Salamander

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18
Q

Salamander

  • Long snout
  • Long toes
  • Mix with blue-spotteds so may have blue spots
A

Jefferson’s Salamander

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19
Q

Unisexual Salamander Scientific Name

A

Ambystoma unisexuals

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20
Q

Unisexual Salamander Status

A

Endagered

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21
Q

Ambystoma unisexuals

A

Unisexual Salamander

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22
Q

Eastern Red-Backed Salamander Scientific Name

A

Plethodon cinereus

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23
Q

Eastern Red-Backed Salamander Status

A

Not assessed

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24
Q

Eastern Red-Backed Salamander Description

A
  • Red skunk-stripe along back

- 16-18 intercostal grooves

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25
Q

Plethodon cinereus

A

Eastern Red-Backed Salamander

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26
Q

Salamander

  • Red skunk-stripe along back
  • 16-18 intercostal grooves
A

Eastern Red-Backed Salamander

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27
Q

Four-Toed Salamander Scientific Name

A

Hemidactylium scutatum

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28
Q

Four-Toed Salamander Status

A

Not at risk

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29
Q

Four-Toed Salamander Description

A
  • 4 toes (only one with 4 toes on hind feet)

- White belly with black spots

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30
Q

Hemidactylium scutatum

A

Four-Toed Salamander

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31
Q

Salamander

  • 4 toes (only one with 4 toes on hind feet)
  • White belly with black spots
A

Four-Toed Salamander

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32
Q

Northern Two-Lined Salamander Scientific Name

A

Eurycea bislineata

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33
Q

Northern Two-Lined Salamander Status

A

Not assessed

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34
Q

Northern Two-Lined Salamander Description

A
  • 2 yellow-greenish to dark orange lines down back (not red)

- Slender body

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35
Q

Eurycea bislineata

A

Northern Two-Lined Salamander

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36
Q

Salamander

  • 2 yellow-greenish to dark orange lines down back (not red)
  • Slender body
A

Northern Two-Lined Salamander

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37
Q

Northern Dusky Salamander Status

A

Endangered

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38
Q

Desmognathus fuscus

A

Northern Dusky Salamander

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39
Q

Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander Scientific Name

A

Desmognathus ochrophaeus

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40
Q

Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander Status

A

Endangered

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41
Q

Desmognathus ochrophaeus

A

Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander

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42
Q

Eastern Red-Spotted Newt Scientific Name

A

Notophthalmus viridescens

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43
Q

Eastern Red-Spotted Newt Status

A

Not assessed

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44
Q

Eastern Red-Spotted Newt Description

A
  • Red spots with black borders
  • Laterally compressed tail with prominent ridge
  • Red eft, olive brown adult (both have the red spots)
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45
Q

Notophthalmus viridescens

A

Eastern Red-Spotted Newt

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46
Q

Salamander

  • Red spots with black borders
  • Laterally compressed tail with prominent ridge
  • Red eft, olive brown adult (both have the red spots)
A

Eastern Red-Spotted Newt

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47
Q

Mudpuppy Scientific Name

A

Necturus maculosus

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48
Q

Mudpuppy Status

A

Not at risk

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49
Q

Mudpuppy Description

A

Frond/frill- like gills

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50
Q

Necturus maculosus

A

Mudpuppy

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51
Q

Salamander with frond/frill- like gills

A

Mudpuppy

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52
Q

American Toad Scientific Name

A

Anaxyrus (Bufo) americanus

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53
Q

American Toad Status

A

Not assessed

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54
Q

American Toad Description

A
  • Splotchy belly

- 1-2 warts per spot

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55
Q

Anaxyrus (Bufo) americanus

A

American Toad

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56
Q

Toad

  • Splotchy belly
  • 1-2 warts per spot
A

American Toad

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57
Q

Fowler’s Toad Scientific Name

A

Anaxyrus (Bufo) fowleri

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58
Q

Fowler’s Toad Status

A

Endangered

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59
Q

Fowler’s Toad Description

A
  • White belly

- 3+ warts per spot

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60
Q

Anaxyrus (Bufo) fowleri

A

Fowler’s Toad

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61
Q

Toad

  • White belly
  • 3+ warts per spot
A

Fowler’s Toad

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62
Q

Grey Treefrog Scientific Name

A

Hyla versicolor

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63
Q

Grey Treefrog Status

A

Not assessed

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64
Q

Grey Treefrog Description

A
  • Sticky toe pads

- Yellow inner thighs

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65
Q

Hyla versicolor

A

Grey Treefrog

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66
Q

Frog

  • Sticky toe pads
  • Yellow inner thighs
A

Grey Treefrog

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67
Q

Spring Peeper Scientific Name

A

Pseudacris crucifer

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68
Q

Spring Peeper Status

A

Not assessed

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69
Q

Spring Peeper Description

A
  • X on back
  • Tiny
  • Toe pads
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70
Q

Pseudacris crucifer

A

Spring Peeper

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71
Q

Frog

  • X on back
  • Tiny
  • Toe pads
A

Spring Peeper

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72
Q

Western Chorus Frog Scientific Name

A

Pseudacris triseriata

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73
Q

Western Chorus Frog Status

A

Not at risk

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74
Q

Western Chorus Frog Description

A
  • Line along side from nostrils
  • 3 broken dorsal stripes
  • White stripe on upper lip (milk moustache)
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75
Q

Pseudacris triseriata

A

Western Chorus Frog

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76
Q

Frog

  • Line along side from nostrils
  • 3 broken dorsal stripes
  • White stripe on upper lip (milk moustache)
A

Western Chorus Frog

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77
Q

Northern Leopard Frog Scientific Name

A

Lithobates pipiens

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78
Q

Northern Leopard Frog Status

A

Not at risk

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79
Q

Northern Leopard Frog Description

A
  • Lateral fold all the way down back
  • White line from snout to shoulder
  • Leopard spots
  • Green and brown
  • Similar to pickerel frog but rounder spots
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80
Q

Lithobates pipiens

A

Northern Leopard Frog

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81
Q

Frog

  • Lateral fold all the way down back
  • White line from snout to shoulder
  • Leopard spots
  • Green and brown
  • Similar to pickerel frog but rounder spots
A

Northern Leopard Frog

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82
Q

Wood Frog Scientific Name

A

Lithobates sylvaticus

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83
Q

Wood Frog Status

A

Not assessed

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84
Q

Wood Frog Description

A
  • Dark mask
  • White line on upper lip (milk moustache)
  • Fold is a different colour than skin
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85
Q

Lithobates sylvaticus

A

Wood Frog

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86
Q

Frog

  • Dark mask
  • White line on upper lip (milk moustache)
  • Fold is a different colour than skin
A

Wood Frog

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87
Q

Green Frog Scientific Name

A

Lithobates clamitans

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88
Q

Green Frog Status

A

Not assessed

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89
Q

Green Frog Description

A
  • Large tympanum
  • ♀has bright yellow throat
  • Stripes across leg
  • Similar to bullfrog, but lateral lines go all the way
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90
Q

Lithobates clamitans

A

Green Frog

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91
Q

Frog

  • Large tympanum
  • ♀has bright yellow throat
  • Stripes across leg
  • Similar to bullfrog, but lateral lines go all the way
A

Green Frog

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92
Q

Mink Frog Scientific Name

A

Lithobates septentrionalis

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93
Q

Mink Frog Status

A

Not assessed

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94
Q

Mink Frog Description

A

Lots of black blotches, fold only goes part way down back, no bands on legs

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95
Q

Lithobates septentrionalis

A

Mink Frog

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96
Q

Lots of black blotches, fold only goes part way down back, no bands on legs

A

Mink Frog

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97
Q

Pickerel Frog Scientific Name

A

Lithobates palustris

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98
Q

Pickerel Frog Status

A

Not at risk

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99
Q

Pickerel Frog Description

A
  • Ladder-like pattern made from rectangular spots
  • Similar to leopard frog but more angular spots
  • Orange on legs
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100
Q

Lithobates palustris

A

Pickerel Frog

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101
Q

Frog

  • Ladder-like pattern made from rectangular spots
  • Similar to leopard frog but more angular spots
  • Orange on legs
A

Pickerel Frog

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102
Q

American Bullfrog Scientific Name

A

Lithobates catesbeianus

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103
Q

American Bullfrog Status

A

Not assessed

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104
Q

American Bullfrog Description

A
  • Large tympanum
  • Yellow chin
  • HUGE
  • Similar to green frog, but lateral line goes around tympanum (glasses)
105
Q

Lithobates catesbeianus

A

American Bullfrog

106
Q

Frog

  • Large tympanum
  • Yellow chin
  • HUGE
  • Similar to green frog, but lateral line goes around tympanum (glasses)
A

American Bullfrog

107
Q

Snapping Turtle Scientific Name

A

Chelydra serpentina

108
Q

Snapping Turtle Status

A

Special concern

109
Q

Snapping Turtle Description

A

Dino ridges on tail

110
Q

Chelydra serpentina

A

Snapping Turtle

111
Q

Turtle with dino ridges on tail

A

Snapping Turtle

112
Q

Spiny Softshell Scientific Name

A

Apalone spinifera

113
Q

Spiny Softshell Status

A

Threatened

114
Q

Spiny Softshell Description

A
  • Soft, flat shell
  • Long pig nose
  • More bumpy than spiny
115
Q

Apalone spinifera

A

Spiny soft shell

116
Q

Turtle

  • Soft, flat shell
  • Long pig nose
  • More bumpy than spiny
A

Spiny Softshell

117
Q

Spotted Turtle Scientific Name

A

Clemmys guttata

118
Q

Spotted Turtle Status

A

Endangered

119
Q

Spotted Turtle Description

A
  • Black shell with yellow-orange round spots
  • ♀light face with lipstick, ♂dark face
  • Very small
  • Shell similar to Blanding’s
120
Q

Clemmys guttata

A

Spotted Turtle

121
Q

Turtle

  • Black shell with yellow-orange round spots
  • ♀light face with lipstick, ♂dark face
  • Very small
  • Shell similar to Blanding’s
A

Spotted Turtle

122
Q

Northern Map Turtle Scientific Name

A

Graptemys geographica

123
Q

Northern Map Turtle Status

A

Special concern

124
Q

Northern Map Turtle Description

A
  • Topographic map pattern
  • Peeling shell
  • ♀» ♂
125
Q

Graptemys geographica

A

Northern Map Turtle

126
Q

Turtle

  • Topographic map pattern
  • Peeling shell
  • ♀» ♂
A

Northern Map Turtle

127
Q

Blanding’s Turtle Scientific Name

A

Emydoidea blandingii

128
Q

Blanding’s Turtle Status

A

Threatened

129
Q

Blanding’s Turtle Description

A
  • Yellow-white flecking on carapace
  • Bright yellow chin
  • Smiling
  • Shell similar to spotted
130
Q

Emydoidea blandingii

A

Blanding’s Turtle

131
Q

Turtle

  • Yellow-white flecking on carapace
  • Bright yellow chin
  • Smiling
  • Shell similar to spotted
A

Blanding’s Turtle

132
Q

Midland Painted Turtle Scientific Name

A

Chrysemys picta marginata

133
Q

Midland Painted Turtle Status

A

Not assessed

134
Q

Midland Painted Turtle Description

A
  • Plain beige plastron

- Yellow face to red neck/shell

135
Q

Chrysemys picta marginata

A

Midland Painted Turtle

136
Q

Turtle

  • Plain beige plastron
  • Yellow face to red neck/shell
A

Midland Painted Turtle

137
Q

Western Painted Turtle Scientific Name

A

Chrysemys picta bellii

138
Q

Western Painted Turtle Status

A

Not at risk

139
Q

Western Painted Turtle Description

A
  • Colourful plastron

- Yellow on body, only red on shell

140
Q

Chrysemys picta bellii

A

Western Painted Turtle

141
Q

Turtle

  • Colourful plastron
  • Yellow on body, only red on shell
A

Western Painted Turtle

142
Q

Five-Lined Skink Scientific Name

A

Plestiodion (Eumeces) fasciatus

143
Q

Five-Lined Skink Status

A

Endangered/special concern

144
Q

Five-Lined Skink Description

A
  • 5 lines along back

- Blue tail only on juvenile

145
Q

Plestiodion (Eumeces) fasciatus

A

Five-Lined Skink

146
Q

Lizard

  • 5 lines along back
  • Blue tail only on juvenile
A

Five-Lined Skink

147
Q

Queensnake Scientific Name

A

Regina septemvittata

148
Q

Queensnake Status

A

Endangered

149
Q

Regina septemvittata

A

Queensnake

150
Q

Northern Watersnake Scientific Name

A

Nerodia sipedon sipedon

151
Q

Northern Watersnake Status

A

Not at risk

152
Q

Northern Watersnake Description

A
  • Saddle-like pattern on back
  • Half moon pattern on belly scales
  • Not Lake Erie, on mainland
153
Q

Nerodia sipedon sipedon

A

Northern Watersnake

154
Q

Snake

  • Saddle-like pattern on back
  • Half moon pattern on belly scales
  • Not Lake Erie, on mainland
A

Northern Watersnake

155
Q

Lake Erie Watersnake Scientific Name

A

Nerodia sipedon insularium

156
Q

Lake Erie Watersnake Status

A

Special Concern

157
Q

Lake Erie Watersnake Description

A
  • Flecking on scales

- Lake Erie, on islands

158
Q

Nerodia sipedon insularium

A

Lake Erie Watersnake

159
Q

Snake

  • Flecking on scales
  • Lake Erie, on islands
A

Lake Erie Watersnake

160
Q

Dekay’s Brownsnake Scientific Name

A

Storeria dekayi

161
Q

Dekay’s Brownsnake Status

A

Not assessed

162
Q

Dekay’s Brownsnake Description

A
  • Lighter lateral line on back

- 2 rows of spots

163
Q

Storeria dekayi

A

Dekay’s Brownsnake

164
Q

Snake

  • Lighter lateral line on back
  • 2 rows of spots
A

Dekay’s Brownsnake

165
Q

Red-Bellied Snake Scientific Name

A

Storeria occipito-maculata

166
Q

Red-Bellied Snake Status

A

Not assessed

167
Q

Red-Bellied Snake Description

A
  • Red belly
  • 3 (red) spots on neck
  • Smallest Canadian snake
168
Q

Storeria occipito-maculata

A

Red-Bellied Snake

169
Q

Snake

  • Red belly
  • 3 (red) spots on neck
  • Smallest Canadian snake
A

Red-Bellied Snake

170
Q

Butler’s Garter Snake Scientific Name

A

Thamnophis butleri

171
Q

Butler’s Garter Snake Status

A

Endangered

172
Q

Butler’s Garter Snake Description

A
  • Stripe spilling onto scale rows 2 & 4 from 3

- Extreme SW Ontario

173
Q

Thamnophis butleri

A

Butler’s Garter Snake

174
Q

Snake

  • Stripe spilling onto scale rows 2 & 4 from 3
  • Extreme SW Ontario
A

Butler’s Garter Snake

175
Q

Eastern Garter Snake Scientific Name

A

Thamnophis sirtalis

176
Q

Eastern Garter Snake Status

A

Not assessed

177
Q

Eastern Garter Snake Description

A
  • Stripe on 2 scale rows (rows 2 & 3)
  • Crisper stripes
  • More widespread
178
Q

Thamnophis sirtalis

A

Eastern Garter Snake

179
Q

Snake

  • Stripe on 2 scale rows (rows 2 & 3)
  • Crisper stripes
  • More widespread
A

Eastern Garter Snake

180
Q

Eastern Ribbon Snake Scientific Name

A

Thamnophis sauritus

181
Q

Eastern Ribbon Snake Status

A

Special concern

182
Q

Eastern Ribbon Snake Description

A
  • Crispest stripes of the garters
  • Stripes don’t mix into belly scales
  • White eyeliner
183
Q

Thamnophis sauritus

A

Eastern Ribbon Snake

184
Q

Snake

  • Crispest stripes of the garters
  • Stripes don’t mix into belly scales
  • White eyeliner
A

Eastern Ribbon Snake

185
Q

Eastern Hog-Nosed Snake Scientific Name

A

Heterodon platirhinos

186
Q

Eastern Hog-Nosed Snake Status

A

Threatened

187
Q

Eastern Hog-Nosed Snake Description

A

Pig nose

188
Q

Heterodon platirhinos

A

Eastern Hog-Nosed Snake

189
Q

Snake with pig nose

A

Eastern Hog-Nosed Snake

190
Q

Northern Ring-Necked Snake Scientific Name

A

Diadophis punctatus

191
Q

Northern Ring-Necked Snake Status

A

Not assessed

192
Q

Northern Ring-Necked Snake Description

A
  • Ring around neck

- Spots (punct.) on scales

193
Q

Diadophis punctatus

A

Northern Ring-Necked Snake

194
Q

Snake

  • Ring around neck
  • Spots (punct.) on scales
A

Northern Ring-Necked Snake

195
Q

Blue Racer Scientific Name

A

Coluber constrictor foxii

196
Q

Blue Racer Status

A

Endangered

197
Q

Blue Racer Description

A
  • Blue-grey (juveniles are flashy)
  • Raccoon mask eyes
  • Only on Peelee Island
198
Q

Coluber constrictor foxii

A

Blue Racer

199
Q

Snake

  • Blue-grey (juveniles are flashy)
  • Raccoon mask eyes
  • Only on Peelee Island
A

Blue Racer

200
Q

Eastern Foxsnake Scientific Name

A

Pantherophis (Elaphe) gloydi

201
Q

Eastern Foxsnake Status

A

Endangered/threatened

202
Q

Eastern Foxsnake Description

A
  • Black cheetah spots on brown skin
  • Rusty face
  • Long and VERY skinny
  • Similar to Massasauga Rattlesnake but round eyes and darker
203
Q

Pantherophis (Elaphe) gloydi

A

Eastern Foxsnake

204
Q

Snake

  • Black cheetah spots on brown skin
  • Rusty face
  • Long and VERY skinny
  • Similar to Massasauga Rattlesnake but round eyes and darker
A

Eastern Foxsnake

205
Q

Grey Ratsnake Scientific Name

A

Pantherophis spiloides

206
Q

Grey Ratsnake Status

A

Endangered/threatened

207
Q

Grey Ratsnake Description

A
  • Grey/black/ brown (grey when young but darkens with age)
  • Could be patterned or splotchy
  • Yellow around scales (looks like wiped off paint)
  • White line under chin
208
Q

Pantherophis spiloides

A

Grey Ratsnake

209
Q

Snake

  • Grey/black/ brown (grey when young but darkens with age)
  • Could be patterned or splotchy
  • Yellow around scales (looks like wiped off paint)
  • White line under chin
A

Grey Ratsnake

210
Q

Milksnake Scientific Name

A

Lampropeltis triangulum

211
Q

Milksnake Status

A

Not at risk

212
Q

Milksnake Description

A
  • White Y shape on head

- White with reddish spots with black outline

213
Q

Lampropeltis triangulum

A

Milksnake

214
Q

Snake

  • White Y shape on head
  • White with reddish spots with black outline
A

Milksnake

215
Q

Smooth Greensnake Scientific Name

A

Opheodrys vernalis

216
Q

Smooth Greensnake Status

A

Not assessed

217
Q

Smooth Greensnake Description

A
  • Only solid green snake in Ontario
  • Smooth scales
  • Turns blue when dead
218
Q

Opheodrys vernalis

A

Smooth Greensnake

219
Q

Snake

  • Only solid green snake in Ontario
  • Smooth scales
  • Turns blue when dead
A

Smooth Greensnake

220
Q

Massasauga Rattlesnake Scientific Name

A

Sistrurus catenatus

221
Q

Massasauga Rattlesnake Status

A

Endangered/threatened

222
Q

Massasauga Rattlesnake Description

A
  • Rattle
  • Thick boi/ robust
  • Similar to Eastern Foxsnake but slanted eyes and white around spots
223
Q

Sistrurus catenatus

A

Massasauga Rattlesnake

224
Q

Snake

  • Rattle
  • Thick boi/ robust
  • Similar to Eastern Foxsnake but slanted eyes and white around spots
A

Massasauga Rattlesnake

225
Q

American Bullfrog Call

A

Apocalypse siren, “jug o rum”

226
Q

Fowler’s Toad Call

A

Waaaaaa baby scream

227
Q

Western Chorus Frog Call

A

Finger running along a comb

228
Q

Northern Leopard Frog Call

A

Woodpecker drumming/oinking, 3 noises

229
Q

Wood Frog Call

A

Duck quack, chicken clucking

230
Q

Spring Peeper Call

A

Peep

231
Q

Gray Tree Frog Call

A

Flutey trill, nice drrrrrrr noise

232
Q

Mink Frog Call

A

Car chugging on gravel road

233
Q

Pickerel Frog Call

A

Door creaking, roar

234
Q

Green Frog Call

A

Annoying brother doing “girlgirlgirlgirl” thing

235
Q

American Toad Call

A

Long trill, whistle

236
Q

Apocalypse siren, “jug o rum”

A

American Bullfrog Call

237
Q

Long trill, whistle

A

American Toad Call

238
Q

Annoying brother doing “girlgirlgirlgirl” thing

A

Green Frog Call

239
Q

Door creaking, roar

A

Pickerel Frog Call

240
Q

Car chugging on gravel road

A

Mink Frog Call

241
Q

Flutey trill, nice drrrrrrr noise

A

Gray Tree Frog Call

242
Q

Peep

A

Spring Peeper Call

243
Q

Duck quack, chicken clucking

A

Wood Frog Call

244
Q

Woodpecker drumming/oinking, 3 noises

A

Northern Leopard Frog Call

245
Q

Finger running along a comb

A

Western Chorus Frog Call

246
Q

Waaaaaa baby scream

A

Fowler’s Toad Call

247
Q

Eastern Musk Turtle (Stinkpot) Scientific Name

A

Sternotherus odoratus

248
Q

Sternotherus odoratus

A

Eastern Musk Turtle (Stinkpot)

249
Q

Eastern Musk Turtle (Stinkpot) Status

A

Special concern

250
Q

Eastern Musk Turtle (Stinkpot) Description

A
  • Big head
  • Smooth dome shell
  • Uppy nose
  • Smellyyyy
251
Q
  • Big head
  • Smooth dome shell
  • Uppy nose
  • Smellyyyy
A

Eastern Musk Turtle (Stinkpot)

252
Q

Wood Turtle Scientific Name

A

Glyptemys insculpta

253
Q

Glyptemys insculpta

A

Wood Turtle

254
Q

Wood Turtle Status

A

Endangered

255
Q

Wood Turtle Description

A
  • Shell looks wood (tree rings)
  • Looks sculpted from wood
  • No feet webbing (land turtle)
  • Red-orange on legs and neck, black head, brown shell
256
Q
  • Shell looks wood (tree rings)
  • Looks sculpted from wood
  • No feet webbing (land turtle)
  • Red-orange on legs and neck, black head, brown shell
A

Wood Turtle

257
Q

Northern Dusky Salamander Scientific Name

A

Desmognathus fuscus

258
Q

Dusky Salamander Appearance

A

Diagonal line from mouth to shoulder, longer hind legs. Northern tail is more circular/ triangular, Allegheny Mountain tail is more oval/ compressed.

Herpetology (3 decks)

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