OnlineMedEd: Pediatrics - "Preventable Trauma"

Question 1

Review epidural hematoma.

Answer 1

• Caused by injuries in which the head is struck (e.g., baseball to head, ski into tree without helmet)
• Commonly presents with fracture
• Bleeding vessel is the middle meningeal artery
• Presents with lucid interval followed by rapid decompensation

Question 2

Common injuries that cause subdural hematomas in kids are ______________.

Answer 2

MVA, pedestrian struck by car, or shaken baby syndrome

Question 3

Punctate hemorrhages will be seen in the CTs of those with ____________.

Answer 3

contussions

Question 4

Concussions are now broken into mild or severe. Go through the characteristics of each.

Answer 4

•Mild:

• LOC less than 60 seconds
• HA mild or improving since event
• No amnesia
• No FND

• Severe:

• LOC greater than 60 seconds
• HA severe or persistent
• Amnesia
• FND

Question 5

What should you do in cases of mild and severe concussions?

Answer 5

• Mild: no treatment; discharge home

* Severe: admit for neuro checks; CT

Question 6

After a concussion, it’s recommended that kids return to activity in a ___________ fashion.

Answer 6

stepwise (meaning first activity around the house, then school, next HW, and finally physical activity)

Question 7

What kind of floatation device is safest?

Answer 7

Life jacket

This keeps the head up.

Question 8

What is the Parkland formula?

Answer 8

% of body area with 2nd or 3rd degree burns x 4 x wt in kg

This equals the mL needed to replenish volume. 50% in first 8 hours and 50% over next 16 hours.