OnlineMedEd Flashcards
Pharmacological Treatment for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Mn* MONA BASH C
Morphine, Oxygen, Nitrates, Aspirin, Beta Blockers, ACE-I, Statins, Heparin, Clopidogrel
- = give to everybody
SVT treatment
Stable = Adenosine Unstable = Shock
AFib treatment
Stable = rate/rhythm control with beta blockers or calcium channel blockers Unstable = Shock
Torsades treatment
Stable = Mg Unstable = Shock
V.Tach treatment
Stable = Adenosine Unstable = Schok
How to decide whether to anticoagulate in AFib.
CHADS2 score 1 CHF 1 HTN 1 Age > 75 1 Diabetes 2 Stroke
When to give atropine
Atropine:
Sinus bradycardia
1st deg AV block
2nd deg AV block - Type 1
Treatment of Severe Hypernatremia
pt has high Na+ w/ symptoms of coma/seizures
D5W (5% dextrose in water)
Treatment of Mild Hypernatremia
high Na+ w/ no symptoms
Give PO water
Treatment of Moderate Hypernatremia
high Na+ w/ symptoms of headache/confusion
Give IV normal saline
Treatment of Severe Hyponatremia
low Na+ w/ symptoms of coma/seizures
Give hypertonic saline (3% NaCl)
Treatment of Moderate Hyponatremia
high Na+ w/ symptoms of headache/confusion
Give IV normal saline
Treatment of Mild Hyponatremia
low Na+ w/out symptoms
Treat underlying cause
Calculation of serum osmolarity
2*Na + Gluc/18 + BUN/2.8
Normal ~ 280
Symptoms of HypoCalcemia
- Tetany (intermittent muscular spasms)
- Perioral tingling
- Trousseau sign (spasm of hand when blood pressure cuff on above systolic blood pressure for 3 min)
- Chvostek sign (facial n. spasm when tap)
Symptoms of hypercalcemia
- Stones: Renal stones
- Moans: Altered mental Status
- Groans: Constipation
- Bones: Painful bones
Brown Tumor
HyperPTH
Hypercalcemia treatment
IV fluids
Diuretics (furosemide)
Bisphosphonates (pamidronate)
Calcitonin
Dx:
(High) Ca
(Low) P
(High) PTH
HyperPTH
Dx:
(High) Ca
(High) P
(Low) PTH
Cancer bone mets (if normal 1,25 Vit D)
If High 1,25 Vit D then: Granulomatous disease
(e.g. Sarcoidosis, TB)
Dx:
(High) Ca
(Low) P
(Low) PTH
Paraneoplastic syndrome (Diagnose with high PTH-rp) from squamous cell carcinoma of lung
Dx:
(Low) Ca
(High) P
(High) PTH
PseudohypoPTH
end-organ resistance to PTH
