Online quiz #4 Flashcards
The San Andreas fault is an example of which fault?
Right-lateral strike-slip
Which is not a dip-slip?
A right-lateral fault
Reverse faults form in response to what forces?
compressive
What type of fault is characterized by the rocks above the fault plane moving downward, relative to the rocks below the fault plane?
A normal fault
What is a thrust fault?
A low-angle reverse fault
What does the elastic rebound therapy describe?
The build-up and release of strain energy during an earthquake
Energy waves released during an earthquake are called?
Seismic waves
Which type of seismic wave arrives first at the seismograph?
P waves
What correct order lists which seismic waves arrive at the seismograph station?
P waves, S waves, surface waves
Which type of seismic waves are the slowest?
surface waves
Who developed the procedure used to measure the size of an earthquake?
Charles Richter
An earthquake’s Richter magnitude is based on
The amount of ground movement caused by seismic waves
The ground motion during a Richter magnitude 8 earthquake is ____ times greater than the ground motion during a Richter magnitude 6 earthquake?
100
The energy released during a Richter magnitude 8 earthquake is ____ times greater than the ground motion during a Richter magnitude 6 earthquake?
1000
How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
3
In Southern California, great earthquakes occur on the San Andreas approximately every ___ years
150 to 300
What type of seismic waves cause the most building damage?
surface waves
The modified Mercalli intensity scale measures
the amount of destruction caused by an earthquake
The average time between large earthquakes events along a fault is known as the ____ interval
recurrence
As a rule of thumb aftershocks are typically ____ order(s) of magnitude ___ than the mainshock.
1;lower
Following a mainshock of magnitude 6 one could expect aftershocks as strong as
5
As the distance to an earthquake increases,
the time between the arrival of the P and S waves increases.
Fault:
Any break in Earth’s lithosphere along which movement has occurred, regardless of size.
Joint:
A break in Earth’s lithosphere however no movement has occurred along it.
