One Liners Flashcards
Hydroxyurea given to pt’s w/ ____ to increase/decrease ___?
Sickle cell disease
- increase HbF
Why do RBC’s get hemolyzed in spleen with Hereditary Spherocytosis?
Lack of spectrum = spheres = poorly flexible
- can’t pass through spleen’s small fenestrations like biconcave discs can
1st line treatment Hereditary Spherocytosis?
Oral folic acid + blood transfusions during periods of extreme anemia
Later the treatment = splenectomy
Which eye thing is earlier in neonates?
Gonococcal: 2-5 days
- give IV/IM ceftriaxone / cefotaxime
What eye thing is later in neonates?
Chlamydia: 5-14 days
- give oral erythromycin
Do this if shock in kid + can’t get peripheral IV line?
Intraosseous cannulation in proximal tibia
Three stages of Whooping Cough?
Bordetella pertussis
- ) Catarrhal: 1-2wks mild cough, rhinitis
- ) Paroxysmal: 2-6wks whoop + cough
- ) Convalescent: wks-months
Fever, pharyngitis, rhinitis, diarrhea + 1 other?
Adenovirus: plus conjunctivitis
How treat pertussis?
Gram-negative coccobacillus
- macrolides
Marfan has upward lens dislocation and is due to what?
Mutation in fibrillin-1 gene
If between craniopharyngioma and pituitary adenoma…
See calcifications on MRI/CT scan think craniopharyngioma.
Pituitary adenoma - think elevated prolactinoma
What other malformations seen in 50% of pt’s with omphalocele?
Cardiac disease
Neural tube defects
Trisomy syndromes
Uterosacral nodularity + adnexal tenderness
Endometriosis
Uterine tenderness and enlargement
Adenomyosis
Cervical motion tenderness
Purulent cervical discharge
Pelvic infection
Uterine contour irregularity
Uterine leiomyomata
Why not give acetaminophen/ibuprofen before a vaccine?
May reduce antibody response to vaccines
Not proven to prevent fever or febrile seizures
Why IgM high and other Ig’s low?
CD40 ligand on T-cells binds CD40 on B-cells and induces class switching. In Hyper-IgM syndrome the CD40 ligand is absent/deficient
Name for ok b-cells but Ig’s all low?
Name for low/absent b-cells and all Ig’s low?
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton) - bad B’s
Common variable immunodeficiency - normal B’s
Which is worse, preseptal or orbital cellulitis?
Orbital means the infection is behind the orbital septum – bad
- proptosis, pain w/ movement, vision impaired, ophthalmoplegia, diplopia
What order if suspect preseptal or orbital cellulitis?
CT scan - want to know if infection has gone posterior to orbital septum.
Morning vomiting
Nocturnal headaches
Red flags for intracranial pathology
- HA’s MC symptom for brain abscess
Why morning vomiting/night HA bad?
Supine: ICP increases due to gravity stimulates:
- medullary vomiting center
- area postrema
What age for Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Age 4-10
- avascular necrosis of femoral head
