One Liners

Question 1

Hydroxyurea given to pt’s w/ ____ to increase/decrease ___?

Answer 1

Sickle cell disease

- increase HbF

Question 2

Why do RBC’s get hemolyzed in spleen with Hereditary Spherocytosis?

Answer 2

Lack of spectrum = spheres = poorly flexible

- can’t pass through spleen’s small fenestrations like biconcave discs can

Question 3

1st line treatment Hereditary Spherocytosis?

Answer 3

Oral folic acid + blood transfusions during periods of extreme anemia

Later the treatment = splenectomy

Question 4

Which eye thing is earlier in neonates?

Answer 4

Gonococcal: 2-5 days

- give IV/IM ceftriaxone / cefotaxime

Question 5

What eye thing is later in neonates?

Answer 5

Chlamydia: 5-14 days

- give oral erythromycin

Question 6

Do this if shock in kid + can’t get peripheral IV line?

Answer 6

Intraosseous cannulation in proximal tibia

Question 7

Three stages of Whooping Cough?

Answer 7

Bordetella pertussis

1. ) Catarrhal: 1-2wks mild cough, rhinitis
2. ) Paroxysmal: 2-6wks whoop + cough
3. ) Convalescent: wks-months

Question 8

Fever, pharyngitis, rhinitis, diarrhea + 1 other?

Answer 8

Adenovirus: plus conjunctivitis

Question 9

How treat pertussis?

Answer 9

Gram-negative coccobacillus

- macrolides

Question 10

Marfan has upward lens dislocation and is due to what?

Answer 10

Mutation in fibrillin-1 gene

Question 11

If between craniopharyngioma and pituitary adenoma…

Answer 11

See calcifications on MRI/CT scan think craniopharyngioma.

Pituitary adenoma - think elevated prolactinoma

Question 12

What other malformations seen in 50% of pt’s with omphalocele?

Answer 12

Cardiac disease
Neural tube defects
Trisomy syndromes

Question 13

Uterosacral nodularity + adnexal tenderness

Answer 13

Endometriosis

Question 14

Uterine tenderness and enlargement

Answer 14

Adenomyosis

Question 15

Cervical motion tenderness

Purulent cervical discharge

Answer 15

Pelvic infection

Question 16

Uterine contour irregularity

Answer 16

Uterine leiomyomata

Question 17

Why not give acetaminophen/ibuprofen before a vaccine?

Answer 17

May reduce antibody response to vaccines

Not proven to prevent fever or febrile seizures

Question 18

Why IgM high and other Ig’s low?

Answer 18

CD40 ligand on T-cells binds CD40 on B-cells and induces class switching. 
In Hyper-IgM syndrome the CD40 ligand is absent/deficient

Question 19

Name for ok b-cells but Ig’s all low?

Name for low/absent b-cells and all Ig’s low?

Answer 19

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (Bruton) - bad B’s

Common variable immunodeficiency - normal B’s

Question 20

Which is worse, preseptal or orbital cellulitis?

Answer 20

Orbital means the infection is behind the orbital septum – bad
- proptosis, pain w/ movement, vision impaired, ophthalmoplegia, diplopia

Question 21

What order if suspect preseptal or orbital cellulitis?

Answer 21

CT scan - want to know if infection has gone posterior to orbital septum.

Question 22

Morning vomiting

Nocturnal headaches

Answer 22

Red flags for intracranial pathology

- HA’s MC symptom for brain abscess

Question 23

Why morning vomiting/night HA bad?

Answer 23

Supine: ICP increases due to gravity stimulates:

• medullary vomiting center
• area postrema

Question 24

What age for Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?

Answer 24

Age 4-10

- avascular necrosis of femoral head

Question 25

What age for SCFE?

Answer 25

12-13 years - classic in obese adolescents