one Flashcards
what was Empedocles idea of matter?
he believed it was composed of four elements (water earth fire and air)
what did democritus say about matter?
suggested matter was made of tiny particles that could not be broken down further.
what did Aristotle and Socrates do after Democirus death
Aristutie and socrates rejected the previous model and believed Empedocles model (4 elements)
alchemists were the first people to what
first people to perform hands-on experimentation.
alchemists were part what? (4)
-philosopher
-alchemist
-mystic
-magician
what were the alchemists three main beliefs?
-some elements could be changed into others.
-believed they could find a substance that would give them eternal life.
-believed they could produce a universal solvent that would dissolve all substances.
what do modern chemists use today
modern chemists used the scientific method to investigate the physical world.
what did sir francis bacon do
Bacon was one of the first scientists to develop new knowledge as a result of experimentation.
what did robert boyle do? (2)
-published a book (skeptical chemist) where he defined an element as “certain simple unmingled bodies…”
-recognized that elements could be combined to form compounds.
what did Joseph Priestly do?
Priesty was the first person to isolate oxygen scientifically , but did not know that oxygen was an element.
what did Antoine de Lavoisier do? (3)
-defined the term “element” as a pure substance that cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances.
-discovered and identified 23 elements.
-recognized mixtures exist and identified air as a mixture of oxygen and some other gas.
what did Henry Cavendish do?
-mixing metal with acid, which produced hydrogen
who isolated nitrogen?
Rutherford and Scheele
who isolated chlorine?
Scheele
who Defined an element as “The final form that cannot be broken down by further chemical reactions.”
Antoine Lavoisier
