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Oncology > Oncology Drugs I > Flashcards

Oncology Drugs I Flashcards

1
Q

Alkylating Agent: interculates into DNA prevents transcription. Metabolized to pro–drug in liver and causes nasia+vomitting, alopecia, and BMS

A

Cyclophosphamide

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2
Q

Antimetabolite: Blocks the production of Thymidine. Excreted through Kidneys. Causes inflammation of mucous membranes

A

Methotrexate

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3
Q

Incorporates into DNA and causes strand termination. Metabolized in liver. Side effects GI, and BMS

A

Cytosine arabinoside

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4
Q

Antimetabolite: Blocks the production of thymidine. Metabolized by liver by DPD which some people lack. Side Effects are GI and BMS

A

5–flourouracil

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5
Q

Inhibits many enxymes including DNA polymerase. Turned into metabolites in plasma and cleared by kidneys. Side effects are GI and BMS

A

Fludarabine

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6
Q

Blocks DNA synthesis. Excreted in urine. Side Effects are GI and BMS

A

Gemcitabine

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7
Q

Anti–mitotic alkaloid: Prevents microtubule dimers from forming microtubules. Hepatic metabolism through CYP3A4. Side effects are neurotoxicity

A

Vincristine

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8
Q

Platinum complex: Complex binds to guanine in DNA and crosslinks strands promoting apoptosis. Cisplatin is on–enzymatically inactivated in tissue and blood and excreted in urine. Side Effects are GI, nephrotoxicity, impaired electrolyte metabolism, neur

A

Cisplaten

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9
Q

Anthracycline: Intercalates into DNA inhibit transcription, inhibits topisomerase II, and generates free oxygen radicals. Metabolized in liver, and side effects are GI, BMS, Alopecia, and CARDIAC toxicity

A

Doxorubicin

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10
Q

Taxine: Inhibits microtubule disassembly. Metabolized by CYP2C8. Side Effects are GI, alopecia, BMS and peripheral neuropathy.

A

Paclitaxel

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11
Q

Topoisomerase I inhibitor: Prevents topoisomerase I from religating DNA strand breaks. Undergoes activation in liver. Side effects are BMS, Diarrhea (can be fatal)

A

Irinotecan

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12
Q

Topoisomerase II inhibitor: Prevents topoisomerase I from religating DNA strand breaks. Side effects are GI, BMS, Alopecia

A

Etoposide

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13
Q

Anibiotic antineoplastic: Induces DNA strand breaks. Metabolized by many tissues. Side effects are pulmanary toxicity

A

Bleomycin

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14
Q

Proteasome inhibitor: Inhibits the proteasome leading to cell death. Metabolized by liver. Side effects are peripheral neruopathy, GI, BMS

A

Bortexomib

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15
Q

Thalidomide derivative: Works through many mechanism.. Excreted unchanged in Kidnay. Side effects are GI, BMS, Terratogen

A

Lenalidomide

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16
Q

Monoclonal antibody: Antibody against CD20. Metabolized throught reticuloendothelial system. Side effects are infusion reactions and reactiviation of hepatitis B virus if patient has hepB

A

Rituximab

17
Q

Monoclonal antibody: Antibody to extracellular doamin of Her2. Metabolism is unknown. Side effects are CARDIOMYOPATHY infusion reaction.

A

Trastuzamab

18
Q

Monoclonal antibody: Antibody to the VEGF and prevents its integration with receptor, necessary for angiogenisis. Metabolism unknown. Side effects are bleeding and clotting problems, wound heeling, and infusion reaction. May worsen HTN.

A

Bevacizumab

19
Q

Chimeric antibody: Competative antagonist of EGFR receptor. Metabolism unknown. Side effects include rash, but more rash better survival, and infusion reaction.

A

Cetuximab

20
Q

Small molecule inhibitor: Inhibits the Bcr–Abl fusion protein, and C–kit. Metabolized by P450 and side effects are GI, and BMS.

A

Imatinib

21
Q

Small molecule inhibitor: inhibitor of tyrosine protein kinase at VEGFR and Raf kinase. Dose reduced if taken on high fat meal, and metabolized by live. Side effects are skin and GI.

A

Sorafenib

22
Q

Small molecule inhibitor: reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR with hight affinity for mutated form of EGFR. Metabolized by liver in P450 and side effects are Rash and GI.

A

Erlotinib

23
Q

Small molecule inhibitor: inhibits the BRAF kinase enzyme (downstream of RAS). Metabolism is that it is excreted in poop. Side effects are cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas.

A

Vemurfenib

24
Q

Binds irreversibly agonize Pit GnRH receptor and makes testosterone drop below castrate levels. (though first testy levels go up). Drug is metabolized by many tissues and excreted in urine. Side effects are decreased libido and ED, and loss of bone dens

A

Leuprolide

25
Q

Anti androgen competititve inhibitor of testosterone. Absorbed in GI tract and excreted unchanged. Side effects aredecreased libido and sexual impotence

A

Bicalutamide

26
Q

Irreversibly inhibits the enzyme 17 alpha–hydrozylase which is necessary for precursor molecules to testosterone, DHEA, and androstenedione. Metabolized by Liver, and side effects include sexual disfunction.

A

Abiraterone

27
Q

A Pro–drug that is metabolized by liver into a estrogen antagonist and abrogates growth promoting effects of extrogen. Side effects are vasomotor, DVT, PE increase risk of uterine cancer.

A

Tamoxifen

28
Q

Inhibits aromatase enzyme which converts androstenedione to estrone, and testosterone to estradiol. Metabolized by liver, and side effcts are reduced bone density. (only given to post–menapausal women.)

A

Anastrozole

29
Q

All trans retinoci acid which binds to t15;17 translocated PML–RAR fusion protein and promotes PML cell differentiation into neutrophils which have a short lifespan. Metabolized by liver in P450 system and side effects are APL differentiation syndrome, d

A

Tretinoin

30
Q

G–CSF analogue which stimulates production and maturation of neutrophils. Metabolised in multiple tissues, and side effects are bone painafter administration.

A

Filgrastin.

31
Q

Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Predinsone.

A

RCHOP

32
Q

Doxorubicin, Belomycin, Decarbazine, Vincristine

A

ABDV

33
Q

daunorubicin/idarubacin for three days, cytarabine for 7 days

A

7+3

Oncology (5 decks)

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