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MS4 - Palliative care/Oncology > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Adjuvent rx

A

after radical therapy

reduces risk of recurrence

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2
Q

Neo-adjuvant

A

given before primary therapy

reduces morbidity and recurrence

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3
Q

Drugs for ER +ive tumours

A

Premenupause: tamoxifen

Postmenupause: aromatase inhibitor (goserelin)

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4
Q

Immunotherapy adv

A

improves immune response to cancer

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5
Q

Immunotherapy disadv

A

get autoimmune conditions everywhere

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6
Q

Lymphoedema (post mastectomy) rx

A

Compression garnment

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7
Q

Sx most likely to be a sign of cancer recurrance

A

Groin pain

Pleural disease

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8
Q

Most important blood test to identify mets breast disease

A

calcium level (hypercalcaemia in cancer)

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9
Q

What SE of morphine will make you change the dose of morphine

A

Renal failure

Muscle twitching

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10
Q

What type of surgery better for non small cell lung cancer

A

Lobectomy better than wedge

better survival

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11
Q

Hormone therapy for prostate cancer

A

Start bicalutamide

7 days later give goserelin (injection in abdo)

Repeat every 3 months

Check PSA

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12
Q

Bicalutamide

A

HRT (goserelin) makes you worse before better

Bicalutamide acts more quickly to reduce testosterone levels

Stopping you from getting worse at the beginning

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13
Q

Tamoxifen SEs

A

Menupause

Endometrial Cancer

DVT/PE

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14
Q

Aromitase inhibitors SE

A

Osteoprosis/fracture

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15
Q

Referral to coroner officer

A

Cause of death not known

Not seen by doc last 14days

Had an accident (eg fall) within 1 yr, related to death

Industrial related disease

Death was violent or circumstances suspicious

Evidence of neglect

Suicide

Death during or after an operation

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16
Q

Aromatase inhibitors eg

A

letrozole

anastrozole

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17
Q

Sources of oestrogen

A

Breast and peripheral tissues

Ovaries

Adrenal glands

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18
Q

HER2+ tissue rx

A

Herceptin (trastuzumab)

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19
Q

SEs of radiotherapy

A

Pulmonary/cardiac toxcity

Lymphoedema

20
Q

Breast cancer mets

A

Brain

Lung

Liver

Bones

21
Q

Gammaknife

A

for oligo-metastatic (brain mets) disease

high dose of radiation given

22
Q

SVCO

A

superior vena cava obstruction

23
Q

SVCO sx

A

Face/neck oedema

Upper chest venous dilatation

Pemberton’s sign

24
Q

Pemberton’s sign

A

raise hands above head

congestion and cyanosis of face

due to narrowing of thracic inlet

25
Q

SVCO Ix

A

CT chest

26
Q

SVCO mx

A

stent

chemo

radio

steroids

27
Q

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

A

Lung/breast/ etc block lymph channels

ppor prognosis

28
Q

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa Ix

A

CT chest

CXR

29
Q

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa mx

A

steroids

(poor prognosis)

30
Q

Breathlessness non pharmacological mx

A

Fan

O2

Positioning

Exercise

Walking aids

31
Q

Breathlessness pharmocological mx

A

Opioids- oramorph

Lorazepam

32
Q

Wet cough mx

A

Aid expectoriation ; saline neb, physio

Break up plhegm - mucolytic; carbocisteine

33
Q

Dry cough mx

A

Inctus prep; simple/phocodiene linctus

Anti-tussives: oramorph/baclofen

34
Q

Haemoptosys mx

A

Dark towel

tranxemic acid

Midazolam (pre-terminal event)

35
Q

Causes of haemoptysis

A

Lung cancer

Bevacizumab (chemo drug)

Massive Terminal haemoptysis (erosion of tumour into a blood vessel)

36
Q

Exessive non-infective lung secretions mx

A

hyoscine butylbromide

37
Q

Abx for neutropenic sepsis

A

Tazocin

+/- gentamicin (only after checking U/Es)

38
Q

When do neutropenic sepsis pts present

A

7-10 days after chemo but may be longer

39
Q

MASCC index

A

identifying low risk neutropenic sepsis pts

score of 21 or more = non-severe

Multinational Association for Supportive Care Index

40
Q

Malignant spinal cord compression mx

A

Dexamethasone PO stat + PPI

MRI whole spine

41
Q

Indications for spinal decompression surgery

A

Oligomets disease

Unknown primary

Unstable spine

Radio-resisitant

42
Q

What type of patients get surgery for spinal decompression

A

fit

>3 mo prognosis

43
Q

Modified release morphine

A

MST sr

Zomorph

44
Q

Antiemetic for morphine

A

haliperidol

45
Q

Laxative for morphine

A

Docusate sodium

Senna

46
Q

How much more potent is morphine IV compared to oral

A

twice

MS4 - Palliative care/Oncology (2 decks)

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