Oncology Flashcards
Cyclophosphamide side-effects
Haemorrhagic cystitis (MESNA reduces incidence), bone marrow suppression, alopecia
Doxorubicin side-effects
Cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression
Bleomycin side-effects
Pulmonary fibrosis
Vincristine side-effects
Peripheral neuropathy
Paclitaxel side-effects
Peripheral neuropathy, hypersensitivity reactions
5-fluorouracil side-effects
Mucositis
Chemotherapy anti-emetics
5HT3 receptor antagonist, neurokinin-1, synthetic cannabinoid, glucocorticoid
5HT3 receptor antagonist
Ondansetron, granisetron;
given before chemo, side-effects: constipation, headaches, dizziness
Neurokinin-1
Aprepitant;
NK-1 antagonist, blocks effect of substance P, normally for platinum-containing regiments, side-effects: hiccups, constipation, dyspepsia
Synthetic cannabinoid
Nabilone;
side-effects: drowsiness, euphoria, visual disturbance
Glucocorticoid
Dexamethasone;
Unclear mechanism, role in preventing delayed emesis, also other indications in oncology
Types of chemotherapy
Alkylating agents, antimetabolites, cytotoxic antibiotics, vinca alkaloids, taxanes, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immunomodulators, endocrine modulators
Other oncological drugs
Amifostine, G-CSF, rasburicase
Amifostine
Cytoprotective in DNA-binding chemotherapy, reduces neutropenia and nephrotoxicity of cisplatin, reduces xerostomia (dry mouth) in head/neck radiotherapy
G-CSF
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, reduces neutropenia, prolonged use may be assoc. w/ myeloid malignancy
