Oncology Flashcards
What is the most common form of cancer in children?
Leukemia, specifically (ALL)
What does chemotherapy target?
actively proliferating cells by interfering with DNA synthesis
What does radiation therapy target?
regularly dividing cells by causing DNA damage to disrupt replication process
What is the difference between infusion and transfusion?
infusion is receiving medication/fluids through a line, transfusion is receiving blood products through a line
What is the induction phase of treatment?
to induce remission and destroy leukemic cells while maintaining the regenerative potential of non-malignant cells
What is the consolidation phase of treatment?
eliminate any remaining cancer cells, especially within the CNS
What is the interim maintenance phase of treatment?
use of nontoxic agents given in monthly visits outpatient
What is the delayed intensification phase of treatment?
to intensify antileukemic therapy again after a short period of less intensive therapy
What is the maintenance phase of treatment?
2 years for girls and 3 years for boys in combination oral and IV chemotherapeutic agents
What are common oral complications associated with ALL?
lymphadenopathy and ecchymosis
What are common oral complications associated with AML?
gingival bleeding and spontaneous abscess formation
What is the primary goal of dental care in nchildren with leukemia?
decrease morbidity/mortality due to infection and/or hemorrhage
What should be done prior to treating a patient who is still receiving chemotherapy treatments?
CBC and platelet count prior to any dental work
What causes mucositis?
Decreased cell renewal and inflammation affecting non-keratinized mucosa the most
What medications for pain should be avoided in patients with thrombocytopenia?
Aspirin and NSAIDs
