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PT3 Oncology > oncologic emergencies and GI toxicity > Flashcards

oncologic emergencies and GI toxicity Flashcards

1
Q

4 types of cancer induced nausea and vomiting

A

anticipatory
acute
delayed
breakthrough/refractory

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2
Q

risk factors for CINV

A
  • female
  • younger
  • poor emetic control in previous cycles
  • Hx of motion sickness
  • Hx of morning sickness
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3
Q

ondansetron MoA

A

inhibits serotonin receptors

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4
Q

ondansetron adverse effects

A

headache
constipation
diarrhea
QT prolongation

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5
Q

ondansetron phase use

A

acute

delayed

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6
Q

aprepitant MoA

A

inhibit NK1 receptors

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7
Q

apreptiant adverse effects

A

fatigue
dizziness
diarrhea

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8
Q

apreptiant phase use

A

acute

delayed

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9
Q

phenothiazine drugs

A

prochlorperazine

promethazine

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10
Q

phenothiazines MoA

A

inhibit D2 receptors

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11
Q

phenothiazines adverse effects

A

CNS depression
anticholinergic
extrapyramidal symptoms
hypotension

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12
Q

benzamide drug

A

metoclopramide

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13
Q

metoclopramide MoA

A

inhibit D2 and serotonin

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14
Q

metoclopramide adverse effects

A

sedation
diarrhea
EPS
QT prolongation

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15
Q

metoclopramide phase use

A

breakthrough/refractory

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16
Q

phenothiazine phase use

A

acute
delayed
breakthrough

17
Q

atypical antipsychotic for N/V

A

olanzapine

18
Q

olanzapine MoA

A

inhibit dopamine and serotonin

19
Q

olanzapine adverse effects

A

somnolence
dry mouth
dizziness
QT prolongation

20
Q

olanzapine phase use

A

acute
delayed
refractory

21
Q

corticosteroid of choice for NV

A

dexamethasone

22
Q

dexamethasone phase use

A

acute

delayed

23
Q

benzodiazepine of choice for NV

A

lorazepam

24
Q

lorazepam phase use

A

anticipatory

breakthrough

25
Q

cannabinoids phase use

A

breakthrough/refractory

26
Q

cannabinoids adverse effects

A

anticholinergic
sedation
appetite stimulation
hallucinations

27
Q

general prophylaxis treatment for high risk NV

A

5HT3 + dexameth + aprepitant +- olanzapine

28
Q

general prophylaxis treatment for moderate risk NV

A

5HT3 + dexameth +- aprepitant

29
Q

general prophylaxis treatment for low risk NV

A

5HT3 or steroid or phenothiazone

30
Q

treatment for mucositis

A
  • mouthwash and coating agents
  • analgesics
  • corticosteroids
31
Q

treatment of diarrhea

A
  • hydration
  • BRAT diet and clear liquids
  • loperamide, octreotide
32
Q

treatment of constipation

A
  • stop nonessential meds
  • increase fluids
  • any laxitive
33
Q

signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia

A
  • fatigue and altered mental status
  • AKI
  • NV, anorexia, PUD
  • short QT, ventricular arrhythmia
34
Q

Risk factors for tumor lysis syndrome

A
  • highly proliferative
  • malignancies
  • high treatment sensitivity
  • renal dysfunction
35
Q

management of spinal cord compression

A
  • dexamethasone 10-100 mg bolus, 4-8 q6h
  • spinal radiation
  • surgery
  • chemo
  • pain management

PT3 Oncology (9 decks)

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