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MSII: Microbio Unit 1 > Oncogenic Viruses (4) > Flashcards

Oncogenic Viruses (4) Flashcards

1
Q

Features of human cancer cells?

A 
1- make tumors if transported to animals
2- undifferentiated
3- Immortal
4- Not contact inhibited
5- Abnormal Chromosomes
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2
Q

True or False: All of the features of human cancer cells can be induced experimentally by viruses

A

True

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3
Q

What do the following proto-oncogenes do:

myc
src
ras
sis
erbB
fms
LMO2
A

myc: transcription factor
src: membrane signaling of growth factor binding
ras: signal transduction from surface receptors
sis: platelet-derived growth factor

erbB: growth factor receptors

fms: growth factor receptor

LMO2: Hematopoiesis

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4
Q

Which teo genes control cell cycle?

A

p53 and Rb

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5
Q

How do retroviruses cause cancer?

A

1- contain oncogenes and express them in infected cells

2- insert its promotor into a chromosomes and causes expression of regional oncogenes

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6
Q

What is the mechanism through which DNA viruses cause cancer?

A

DNA viruses encode proteins that disturb the cell cycle and prevent apoptosis

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7
Q

What is the SV40 virus?

A

Primate virus that causes cell transformation and cancer in rodents and human cells

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8
Q

What protein does SV40 express? What does it do?

A

T antigen

Inactivated p53 and Rb

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9
Q

What vaccine was SV40 found in?

A

It was a contaminant in early polio vaccines

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10
Q

What are adenoviruses?

A

a group of human viruses, some of which cause cell transformation and cancer in rodents

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11
Q

What are the viral proteins of adenoviruses? When are they expressed?

A

E1A and E1B (they are analogous to T antigen)

They are always expressed in transformed cells

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12
Q

Name some viruses that are the cause of animal cancers (

A

1- Breast cancer in mice…mouse mammary tumor virus

2- Sarcoma….sarcoma viruses of cats, chicken, rodents

3- Feline leukemia…Feline leukemia virus (FeLV)

4- Lymphoma of chickens….Marek’s disease virus

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13
Q

What virus is the HPV virus related to?

A

SV40

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14
Q

What are the low risk types of HPV? The intermediate types? The High risk types?

What disease is each associated with?

A

Low risk: type 4, 6, 8; warts

Intermediate risk: type 11; laryngeal papilloma

High risk: type 16, 18; cervical, pharyngeal cancer

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15
Q

What are the viral proteins of HPV? What are thier functions?

A

E6: binds p53

E7: binds Rb

E2: suppressor that switch off effects of E6 and E7

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16
Q

What happens with loss of E2?

A

Loss of function allows over expression of E6 and E7 and cell immortalization

17
Q

What is the pathogenesis of cervical cancer?

A

Normal Epithelium —> CIN I/ II —> CIN III —> Cancer

18
Q

What is the function of the 2 vaccines for HPV?

A

Reduce incidence of CIN, to prevent cervical cancer

19
Q

What does the Epstein- Barr Virus cause in the western world? In africa? In Asia?

A

Western world: Mono

Africa: Burkitt’s lymphoma

Asia: Naso-pharyngeal cancer

20
Q

What is Burkitt’s lymphoma?

A

A B cell lymphoma in which myc is overexpressed

21
Q

What predicts tumor recurrence with Epstein Barr virus?

A

IgA antibodies to EBV capsid antigen

22
Q

Where is the highest incidence of hepatitis B (and associated cancer) ?

A

Africa and Asia

23
Q

His hep B infection preventable?

A

Yes, there is a vaccine

24
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Hep B virus?

A

Tumor cells contain integrated HBV but no consistent expression of any viral proteins in cancer cells and no activation of cellular oncogene

25
Q

What are the Human T cell leukemia viruses?

A

MTLV1 and MTLV2

They are RNA viruses with no oncogene

26
Q

What is the viral protein that human T cell leukemia virus has that leads to unregulated cell growth?

A

Tax gene…causes over expression of IL2 and its receptor

And other proteins that dysregukate RNA metabolism

27
Q

Where are the MTLV viruses prevalent?

A

Carribean

28
Q

What type of virus causes Kaposi sarcoma? And what is the condition assoicated with?

A

HHV8 (herpes virus)

It is associated with AIDS

MSII: Microbio Unit 1 (5 decks)

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