gonorrhea & chlamydia (3) Flashcards
N. gonorrhoeae bacteriology:
- gram stain
- oxidase (+/-)
- capsule?
- catalase?
- gram stain negative
- oxidase positive
- NOT encapsulated
- catalase positive
what culture is used to grow N. gonorrhoeae?
WONT grow on blood agar, so use chocolate agar or thayer martin as appropriate
N. gonorrhoeae resistance to what antibiotic is growing right now?
cephalosporin resistance
what 3 virulence factors does N. gonorrhoeae have to be able to attach to mucosal surfaces & for intracellular penetration?
pili
IgA protease
Opa
what endotoxin does N. gonorrhoeae have? what 3 symptoms does the endotoxin cause?
LOS
causes irritation, discharge and containment
compare LOS to LPS
LPS has high molecular weight
LOS has low molecular weight
what are the symptoms for N. gonorrhoeae in
males?
females?
males: usually symptomatic, anterior urethritis, dysuria, purulent discharge
female: often Asymptomatic, but can cause cervicitis and progress to PID, purulent discharge,
what does N. gonorrhoeae cause in neonates?
purulent conjunctivitis
describe the symptoms of a disseminated infection of N. gonorrhoeae
lack of urogenital symptoms
arthritis/dermatitis
septic arthritis
rarely meningitis, endocarditis
how should you test a male for N. gonorrhoeae?
1st- test urine and exudate for PMNs and intracellular diplococci
if needed- obtain urethral swab for gram stain & culture on thayer martin agar
how should you test a female for N. gonorrhoeae?
obtain endocervical smear, culture on thayer martin agar
list 3 antibiotics used to treat N. gonorrhoeae
ceftrixone
alternate cefixime
cephalosporin
what is unique about C. trachomatis life cycle?
has dense rugged elementary bodies (infecting) and larger delicate reticular bodies (multipliers)
what do serovars A, B Ba and C of C. trachomatis lead to
“blinding trachoma”
what do serovars L1-L3 of C. trachomatis lead to
lymphogranuloma venerum
describe lymphogranuloma venerum
small ulcer proceeds to painfully swollen lymph nodes near genitals. sexually transmitted & endemic to south and central america
what do serovars D-K of C. trachomatis lead to
genital chlamydia
describe the symptoms of genital chlamydia in
females:
males:
females: mucopurulent endocervical discharge, bleeding, dysuria, abdominal pain, progression to PID
male: urethral discharge, dysuria, scrotal pain
BOTH at risk for reiter syndrome
what is the genital chlamydia infection in infants>
ocular trachoma/ pneumonia
how do you test for infant ocular trachoma?
stain eye swab with giemsa or IF for chlaydial inclusions
what two medications are of choice to treat genital chlamydia?
doxycycline and azithromycin
how do you treat a pregnant person (or infant) for genital chlamydia?
erythromycin + amoxicillin
what virulence factor does C. trachomatis have? what is it used for
T3SS used for entry & establishing inclusion body
