Oncogenes Flashcards
SIS
PDGF-B chain
Overexpression
Astrocytoma
Osteosarcoma
HST-1
FGF
Overexpression
Stomach Cancer
INT-2
FGF
Amplification
Bladder, Breast, and Melanoma
TGF-a
TGF-a
Overexpression
Astrocytoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma
HGF
HGF
Overexpression
Thyroid Cancer
ERB-B1
Overexpression
Squamous cell carcinoma of lung
ERB-B2
Amplification
Breast and ovarian cancers
FMS
Point mutation
Leukemia
RET
Point Mutation
Familial Medullary thyroid carcinoma
PDGF-R
Overexpression
Gliomas
KiT
Point Mutation
Gastrointestinal soft tissue tumors
K-RAS
Point Mutation
Colon, lung, and pancreatic tumors
H-RAS
Point Mutation
Bladder and Kidney Tumors
N-RAS
Point Mutation
Melanomas, hematologic cancers
ABL
Translocation
CML, ALL
Complexes with BCR
Imatinib is potent therapeutic
BRAF
Point Mutation
Melanomas
B-catenin
Point Mutation and Overexpression
Hepatoblastomas, hepatocellular carcinoma
C-Myc
Translocation Burkitt Lymphoma (8:14)
N-Myc
Amplification
Neuroblastoma, small cell carcinoma of lung
L-Myc
Amplification
Small cell carcinoma of lung
Cyclin D
Translocation: Mantle Cell lymphoma
Amplification: Breast and esophageal cancer
Cyclin E
Overexpression
Breast Cancer
CDK4
Amplification or Point Mutation
Glioblastoma, melanoma, sarcoma
Mechanism of P53 action
ATM and ATR phosphorylate MDM2 which is normally bound to p53
p53 then acts as a transcription factor for other genes that arrest the cell cycle like p21
If DNA is repaired MDM2 is upregulated and p53 is bound again and degraded
If no repair p53 activated cell senescence through E2F pathway or apoptosis via activation of caspases
