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Oral Boards > ONC > Flashcards

ONC Flashcards

1
Q

what is a radical hysterectomy

A

remove uterus, cervix, parametrial tissue, complete pelvic lymphadenectomy, upper 2 cm of vagina

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2
Q

what nodes are removed for complete pelvic?

A

internal, external, common, iliac nodes, obturator nodes

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3
Q

what is a radical trachelectomy?

A

preserve uterine arteries, cervix and parametria resected. (IA2 and small IB1 tumor

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4
Q

criteria for cervical cancer without LN with high risk of recurrnce

A

deep stromal invasion (>15), LVSI, Tumor > 4 cm

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5
Q

how do alkylating agents work?

A

NON specific, bind to DNA and cause breaks

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6
Q

example of alkylating?

A

cyclophosphamide (ADE hemorrhagic cystitis) MESNA salvage

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7
Q

how do platinum agents work?

A

Cell cycle non specific, cROSS LINKS to DNA and RNA. toxicities include myelosuppreession, N/V, renal failure

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8
Q

Carboplatin vs Cisplatin

A

cisplatin WAY more emetogenic

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9
Q

anthracyclines?

A

cell cycle nonspecific, intercalate DNA pair (ex: doxorubicin) Need central line

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10
Q

S phase specific chemo, two types?

A

antimetabolites: pyrmidine antag. BLOCKS DNA synthesis, tox is myelo AND Folate Antag (Tetrahydrofolic acid blocker)

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11
Q

Vinca Alkaloid?

A

Mitosis phase specific! spindle cell POISON! ex: vinblastin, vincristine

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12
Q

G2 phase inhibit?

A

Topoisomerase I and II inhibitors

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13
Q

MOA of paclitaxel?

A

M phase specific! stabilizes microtubules. NEUROPATHY

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14
Q

what is BEVACIZUMAB?

A

AVASTIN! veg-F inhibitor (*monoclonal AB) ADE: htn, renal, pres, bowel perf

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15
Q

what is a parp inhibitor

A

inhibit DNA repair!

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16
Q

why BRCA for PARP?

A

Inhibit DNA repair which is already inhibited! so causes SYNTHETIC LETHALITY!!

17
Q

chemo for uterine cancer (endometrial)

A

Taxol/Carboplatin

18
Q

chemo for leiomyosark?

A

adriamycin, GEm/Tax

19
Q

why use immunotherapy

A

boost or restore ability of immune system to detect and destroy cancer cells by overcoming mechs by which tumors evade and suppress the immune system

20
Q

What is the DIRECT mech of RADIATION

A

Damage to DNA directly! causes cellular death in 1/3 of reaction

21
Q

what is the INDIRECT mech of radiation

A

formation of free radicals via interaction of radiation with water

22
Q

how to determine dose of brachytherapy

A

inverse square law

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