omprov Flashcards
- Please describe the Functions of each of these categories: patches, corridors and matrix
a. Patches serve as habitats for species and their nourishment and safety/shelter.
b. corridors prevent isolation of species which in turn is essential for conservation as factors such a dispersal and reproduction play an important role in survival
c. landscape matrix has a supportive function and depending on land-use the area surround the patch/corridor can have a positive or negative impact.
- TSES contains three basic functions. List each and briefly describe what they are intended to do:
- Restoration of biocentres at different scales to natural and near natural state
- Protection of biocentres
- restoration and protection continuity of biological corridors
- Patch Origin: During lectures, we described five types of patch origin. Please list these:
- Disturbance patches
- Remnant patches
- Introduced patches
- Environmental resource patches
- Ephemery (temporary) patches
Landscape Ecology allows you to observe, measure and categorize changes that have taken place over time within a given area. Please list the tools that you would use to determine landscape change.
Remote sensing technology using various instruments available (such a LASER)
Satellite imagery
Aerial photographs
Old surveys
Historical records such as military maps
GIS
Please describe different types of landscape boundaries. During lectures, we gave examples of Administrative, Technical and Natural boundaries.
Administrative are political boundaries and are often established on paper only and can be built such as border walls/fences but not often.
Natural boundaries are due to landscape character and can be physically observed in the landscape for example open meadow to a large forested area
Technical boundaries are also man-made but serve as a way to prescribe land-use, for example house plots or zoning of a city serve as a way to divide land for different uses.
If a patch area is increased, what are the effects now upon nutrients and energy? Why?
Once the patch size reaches a certain volume in mass you can clearly see a change. This occurs due to the difference in condition within and around the patch.
When the patch size increases in volume the interor (the inner part of the patch) get less sunlight and therefore less biomass and diversity. The patch edge get the opposite effect, more sunligt and space.
Forester Ndubisi organizes his chapter on landscape planning history according to which noted author/title: (Circle correct answer)
Thomas Khuns “structure of scientific revolution”
What was significant about Phil Lewis’ 1964 Wisconsin Recreation plan
d. It found that greater than 90% of important ecological & cultural resources were located in distinct “environmental” corridors.
What was most significant about Eugeen Odum’s 1969 compartment model for landscape planning? (Circle correct answer)
b. The model divides the landscape according to basic ecological roles such as production, protection, compromise, and biological.
Ian McHarg in his landmark book Design with Nature developed a new technique for understanding and presenting landscape change. It was also known as the layer cake. Briefly describe what this was:
Layer cake is a model for understanding heterogeneous landscape make-up and relationship between its elements in the visual form of a ‘tier-cake’.
Why are Forman’s “indispensable patterns” important for landscape planning and design? (Circle correct answer)
e. They describe spatial patterns that provide functions that cannot be otherwise provided if these patterns are absent from a landscape.
