OMM Week 2 Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Sternal notch

A

T2

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2
Q

Angle of Louis

A

T4

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3
Q

Umbilicus

A

L4

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4
Q

Spine of scapular

A

T3

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5
Q

Inferior angle of scapula

A

Spinous process of T7, transverse process of T8

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6
Q

iliac crest

A

L4-5 IV disc

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7
Q

T8

A

Venal caval foramen (inferior vena cava, phrenic nerve)

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8
Q

T10

A

esophageal hiatus (esophagus, vagus nerve)

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9
Q

T12

A

aortic hiatus (aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein)

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10
Q

“Rule of Threes”

A

outlines the positional relationship between the spinous process and the transverse processes

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11
Q

T1-3
T4-6
T7-9

A

Same segment
Half segment below
1 segment below

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12
Q

T10
T11
T12

A

1 segment below
half segment blow
same segment

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13
Q

Spinal nerves emerge from the

A

neural foramen below their corresponding vertebral segments

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14
Q

How many pairs of thoracic and lumbar nerves?

A

12 pairs of thoracic
5 pairs of lumbar

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15
Q

Dermatome map

A

illustrates sensory nerve distribution in the skin from specific spinal nerves

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16
Q

Dermatome map helps to

A

identify sensory loss patterns in patients

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17
Q

Dermatome map aids in

A

localizing and diagnosing neurological conditions or spinal nerve related injuries

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18
Q

Shingles

A

-painful rash that follows a dermatomal pattern caused by reactivation of dominant herpes zoster viral infection

-inflames the sensory root ganglia

19
Q

T1-4

A

head and neck

20
Q

T1-5

A

heart

21
Q

T2-7

A

lungs

22
Q

T5-9

A

distal esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder

23
Q

T5-11

A

pancreas and spleen

24
Q

T10-11

A

jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending and transverse colon, kidneys, ureters, gonads

25
Q

T12-L2

A

descending colon, sigmoid, rectum, and pelvic organs

26
Q

Costal facet joints

A

the costal facet joints of T2-10 are made up of the superior and inferior vertebrae and are known as demi-facet joint.

27
Q

Zygapophyseal joint

A
28
Q

Cervical facet orientation

A

BUM: backwards, upwards, medial

29
Q

Lumbar

A

BUM: backwards, upwards, medial

30
Q

Thoracic

A

BUL: backwards, upwards, lateral

31
Q

Facet arthropathy

A

localized pain, which may radiate, but typically not below the knees

-Worse in the morning and with activity
-Worse with extension, rotation, side-bending
-Improves with flexion

32
Q

Radio frequency ablation

A

RF ablation is a treatment
option for facet arthropathy that
does not decrease range of
motion, it effects the nerve at
the site of the facet joint and
allows range of motion to be
retained which follows
osteopathic principles

33
Q

Intervertebral discs make up

A

one third to one quarter the height of the spine

34
Q

Anterior longitudinal ligament

A

-Very thick
-Starts at C2 and extends to the sacrum
-Limits extension

35
Q

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

A

-Extends form the base of the occiput to the sacrum
-Narrower and less thick than the anterior longitudinal ligament
-If a disc where to herniate, where will it go? posterior.

36
Q

Degenerative Disc Disease

A
37
Q

Ligamentum Flavum

A

-Limits flexion
-Thickening of ligamentum flava may lead to spinal stenosis
-If damaged, the elastic fiber is replaced with fibrous scar tissue

38
Q

Supraspinous ligament

A

-Limits flexion
-Stabilizes the spinous processes

39
Q

Iliolumbar ligament

A

-Runs from L4/L5 transverse process to iliac crest
-Restricts motion at the lumbosacral junction
-Usually the first ligament to become tender in a lumbar/pelvis/sacrum dysfunction

40
Q

Psoas Muscle:
Innervated by?
Hypertonicity may cuase?
Test?

A

-Innervated by L1-3 lumbar spinal nerves
-Hypertonicity may cause flexion, rotation, and side-bending towards the ipsilateral side
-Thomas Test evaluated for psoas hypertonicity

41
Q

Thoracolumbar fascia image

A
42
Q

Erector spinae image

A
43
Q

Transversus abdominis muscle and tendon of origin

A