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ECOS 4 > OMM for Pediatrics > Flashcards

OMM for Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 osteopathic tenants?

A
  1. Body is a unit: body + mind + spirit
  2. Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated
  3. Body is capable of self healing
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2
Q

What treatment modality is rarely used especially in younger children? Why?

A

HVLA

– hypermobile joints

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3
Q

With infants, their bones/joints are at maximum flexibility and are cartilaginous. What foramen is commonly compressed?

A

Jugular Foramen

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4
Q

What cranial nerves exit the jugular foramen?

A

9, 10, 11

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5
Q

What 2 sinuses exit the jugular foramen?

A

Inferior petrosal

Sigmoid

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6
Q

What 2 muscles are innervated by CN 11 and thus can be dysfunctional if the jugular foramen is compressed?

A

SCM

Trapezius

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7
Q

Where does CN 12 exit?

A

Hypoglossal canal

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8
Q

List some possible signs of jugular foramen compression

A
  • Poor suck
  • GI upset
  • Torticollis
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9
Q

What is the most commonly dysfunctional cranial bone?

A

Occiput

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10
Q

What cranial bone affects the most CN’s?

A

Temporal

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11
Q

With infants, what type of OMM techniques are preferred?

A

Indirect

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12
Q

With cranial dysfunctions in infants, what are 3 treatments?

A

Condylar decompression
BMT
Venous sinus release

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13
Q

What is Craniosynostosis?

A

Cranial sutures fuse too early

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14
Q

Craniosynostosis needs to be ruled out before OMM is performed on infants. What differentiates it from Plagiocephaly?

A

Forehead does NOT protrude

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15
Q

What is Plagiocephaly?

A

Flat spot develops on 1 side of the head

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16
Q

How will the head look with Plagiocephaly?

A

Parallelogram shaped head with a forehead protrusion

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17
Q

What 2 things is Plagiocephaly associated with?

A

Torticollis

Lateral strain

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18
Q

What is Brachycephaly? What strain pattern is it associated with?

A

Back of the head is flat; head is wide

– Associated with vertical/flexion strain

19
Q

What is Scaphocephaly? What strain pattern is it associated with?

A

Head is long and narrow

– Extension strain

20
Q

What is the most common dysfunction that causes Otitis Media?

A

Internally rotated Temporal bone

21
Q

What is the most common dysfunction that causes Otitis Media?

A

Internally rotated Temporal Bone

22
Q

What SNS levels correlate with Otitis Media?

A

T1 - T4

23
Q

Torticollis is from what CN dysfunction?

A

11

24
Q

In children the cranium is fully ossified, but what is still open?

A

Epiphyseal plates are still open –> growing pains with rapid growth

25
Q

URI’s are common with children. What treatment modality is the best?

A

Lymphatics

26
Q

URI’s are common with children. What treatment modality is the best?

A

Lymphatics

27
Q

With an URI, what is the SNS innervation?

A

T1 - T4

28
Q

If a child has URI symptoms for longer than 10 days, it initially improved but then worsened and has associated purulent discharge, what is the likely diagnosis?

A

Bacterial Sinusitis

29
Q

What OMM modality can be used for Bacterial Sinusitis too?

A

Lymphatics

30
Q

What is the SNS innervation for Asthma?

A

T1 - T7

31
Q

With children that have Asthma, diaphragm and rib dysfunctions are common. What specific type of rib dysfunctions?

A

Inhalation dysfunctions

32
Q

What OMM treatment can be used for Asthma?

A

Rib raising

–> SNS of T1 - T7

33
Q

What are the 2 PNS locations that are treatable with their corresponding nerves?

A

OA/AA = Vagus

S2 - S4 = Pelvic Splanchnic

34
Q

What does the PNS Vagus innervate?

A

Upper GI –> Transverse Colon

35
Q

What does the PNS pelvic splanchnics innervate?

A

Descending colon –> rectum

36
Q

If you increase the tone of the OA/AA or S2 - S4, what will occur?

A

Increased peristalsis (PNS)

37
Q

SNS celiac ganglion levels and what it innervates?

A

T5 - T9 = Upper GI –> duodenum

38
Q

SNS superior mesenteric ganglion levels and what it innervates?

A

T10 - T 11 = Middle GI –> splenic flexure

39
Q

SNS inferior mesenteric ganglion and what it innervates?

A

T12 - L2 = Splenic flexure –> rectum

40
Q

If you increase the tone of the SNS from T5 - L2, what will occur?

A

Decreased peristalsis

41
Q

If you are treating GERD, what levels of the PNS/SNS should you treat?

A 
PNS = vagus at the OA
SNS = celiac ganglion at the T5 - T9
42
Q

With MSK complaints in children, what else should you evaluate besides the joint in question?

A

Joints above and below

43
Q

What are the SNS levels that correspond to Constipation?

A

T10 - L2 = superior and inferior mesenteric ganglion

44
Q

What treatment promotes the PNS for Constipation?

A

Sacral rock

ECOS 4 (13 decks)

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