OMM

Question 1

What is MFR? and what are the principles of MFR?

and what is happening at the cellular level?

Answer 1

Myofascial Release - heat & creep - heat is created by the breaking down of hydrogen bonds and creep occurs with the release of the myofascial tissues

Question 2

Which neural muscle receptors/proprioceptors are activated during application of MFR? what do these receptors do and what is occurring within these receptors during application of MFR?

Answer 2

Muscle Spindles - measures the length/rate of change in length of a muscle - corresponding tissues are stretched/loaded with force and will elicit a release/relaxation within the muscle spindles and a subsequent lengthening of the muscle and it’s surrounding fascial tissues

Question 3

What is PIR? what are the principles of PIR? what is occurring during PIR?

Answer 3

Post Isometric Relaxation - stretch & contract - stretching of the restricted tissues and isometric contraction of the antagonist in order to elicit relaxation of the agonist
(use of isometric contraction of the restricted area’s antagonist against an applied force, effectively ‘tricking’ neurology into believing the tissues are being stretched when they are not until Patient is requested to relax antagonist (to the restricted tissues) and has therefore made more ‘room’ for the area to move past the previously restricted barrier)

Question 4

Which neural muscle receptors/proprioceptors are activated during application of PIR? what do these receptors do and what is occurring within these receptors during application of PIR? (4 stages)

Answer 4

Muscle Spindles & GTOs – stages of PIR (tricep is the agonist):

1) Muscle Spindles react to stretch of muscle (antagonist - bicep) by inhibiting the antagonist (R.I.)
2) GTOs respond to the tension within the tendon of the agonist (tricep) by relaying a signal to the CNS
3) Muscle Spindles receive the signal to discharge/relax the agonist (tricep)
4) Resulting in overall relaxation post-contraction

Question 5

What are the 3 different types of levers? Give an example within the human body as well as an example found elsewhere

Hint:

1) Elyse Plays Leader
2) People Like Elyse
3) Prevent Elyse (from) Losing

Answer 5

1) Type 1: Effort - Pivot - Load
Balance Lever • ie. OA joint, seesaw
2) Type 2: Pivot - Load - Effort
Power Lever •ie. gastrocnemius, wheelbarrel, bottle opener
3) Type 3: Pivot - Effort - Load
Mobility Lever • ie. Biceps, tweezers/tongs, stapler, sweeping a broom, casting a fishing rod

Question 6

Define:

1) Pivot (wedge, fulcrum)
2) Load
3) Effort

Answer 6

1) the point about which the lever moves
2) the strain/force counteracting the effort
3) the force applied by the user of the lever system

Question 7

What is the definition of Somatic Dysfunction?

Answer 7

The impaired or altered function of related components of the soma (body framework) systems; skeletal, arthrodial, myofascial structures, and related vascular, lymphatic and neural elements.

Question 8

Describe the following and where each can be found:

a) Typical Fryette Type 1
b) Typical Fryette Type 2
c) Atypical Fryette Type 1
d) Atypical Fryette Type 2

Answer 8

a) Typical Fryette Type 1 • Thoracic/Lumbar spine
- neutral spinal position (no extreme flex/ext)
- occurs in groups of vertebrae
- sidebending/rotation occur to opposite sides
b) Typical Fryette Type 2 • Thoracic/Lumbar spine
- during extreme flexion/extension
- occurs in single segments (1-2) vertebrae
- sidebending/rotation occur to same side
c) Atypical Fryette Type 1 • cervicals, inf. division
- neutral spinal position (no extreme flex/ext)
- can occur in one segment or a group
- sidebending/rotation occur to opposite sides
d) Atypical Fryette Type 2 • at OA joint
- during extreme flexion/extension
- occurs in single segments (1-2) vertebrae
- sidebending/rotation occur to same side