OMFS- Bone Grafts

Question 1

What are some causes for bone loss?

Answer 1

Congenital
Traumatic
Pathology
Natural

Question 2

What is an autogenous bone graft?

Answer 2

A bone graft from one site to another within the same individual
Eg Intra oral (chin, ramus) or extra oral (hip and calvarium)

Question 3

What is a xenograft?

Answer 3

A type of bone graft taken from another species
Eg deproteinised bone matrix (Bio-Os from bovine)

Question 4

What is an allograft?

Answer 4

A bone graft from a donor of the same species (from cadavers)
Eg irradiated sterilised freeze dried bone blocks

Question 5

What is an alloplastic graft?

Answer 5

A bone graft made from natural sources and synthetic materials
Eg Hydroxyapetite

Question 6

What is bone bioengineering?

Answer 6

Growth factors - eg BMPs (Bone morphogenic proteins)

Question 7

What is osteoconduction?

Answer 7

The concept of scaffold that supports the bone forming cells

Question 8

What is the benefit of using a xenograft?

Answer 8

Reduced rate of resorption
High mineral content

Question 9

What is the purpose of sinus pneumotisation?

Answer 9

If cannot place implant due to reduced height until sinus
Reposition sinus lining and place bone graft underneath

Question 10

What is alveolar distraction osteogenesis?

Answer 10

Osteotomy where a distraction device is placed to encourage bone deposition
Separate bone from each other by 1mm a day (0.5 in morning and 0.5mm at night)