Olds (2nd exam)

Question 1

A cat was presented due to recurrent anuria. It was recommended that perineal urethrostomy be performed. What is the patient position for this animal.
a. dorsal recumbency
b. left lateral recumbency
c. right lateral recumbency
d. ventral recumbency

Answer 1

d. ventral recumbency

Question 2

A cat was presented for nephrotomy of the left kidney, as the surgeon should be standing in:
a. left side of the animal
b. right side of the animal
c. either a or b
d. neither a or b

Answer 2

b. right side of the animal

Question 3

A cat was presented with anuria. You wanted to place a urinary catether, but you need to decompress the urinary bladder first. Which of the following procedures should you do?
a. catheterization
b. cystectomy
c. cystocentesis
d. cystotomy

Answer 3

c. cystocentesis

Question 4

A dog was diagnosed with phimosis. Aside from an elliptical incision of the prepuce, which of the incisions will enlarge the preputial opening?
a. dorsal crescent incision
b. dorsal wedge incision
c. ventral crescent incision
d. ventral wedge incision

Answer 4

b. dorsal wedge incision

Question 4

A Doberman was presented for correction of ear canal obstruction. You decided to perform lateral ear drainage. Which technique is most appropriate?
a. Formston-McCunn
b. Zepp
c. either a or b
d. neither a nor b

Answer 4

a. Formston-McCunn

Question 5

A dog was presented for aural (ear) hematoma correction, the incision of which is placed on:
a. concave side
b. convex side
c. either a or b
d. neither a or b

Answer 5

a. concave side (incision)

concave side (incision)
convex side (sutures)

Question 5

A large nephrolith at the level of the proximal ureter was seen in a case. Which of the following procedures would be the most appropriate?
a. pyelolithotomy
b. ureterotomy
c. ureterostomy
d. ureteral anastomosis

Answer 5

a. pyelolithotomy

Question 5

A dog was presented with a large wound in the level of the joint. Which pattern is not recommended in such cases?
a. continuous
b. far-near-near-far
c. interrupted
d. vertical mattress

Answer 5

a. continuous

Question 6

A dog was presented with a single, 1.1cm and centrally located enlarged mammary gland, which procedure is most appropriate?
a. excision biopsy
b. local mammectomy
c. regional mammectomy
d. radical mammectomy

Answer 6

b. local mammectomy

Question 7

A male Beagle was presented to you for urolithiasis. Your surgical incision approach will be on the:
a. flank
b. midventral abdominal
c. paramedian
d. all of the above

Answer 7

c. paramedian

Question 8

A pregnant female Great Dane was presented for assisted whelping. Which reflex should be stimulated to induce uterine contractions?
a. anal sphincter reflex
b. Ferguson’s reflex
c. menace reflex
d. withdrawal reflex

Answer 8

b. Ferguson’s reflex

Question 9

A Sharpei was brought in due to infertility. Upon examination, redundant vulvar folds were found. These are corrected by:
a. hysterotomy
b. episioplasty
c. episiotomy
d. ovariohysterectomy

Answer 9

b. episioplasty

Question 10

A Shih tzu was presented with paraphimosis, which in this case is most probably caused by:
a. hair in the prepuce
b. large preputial opening
c. long penis
d. none of the above

Answer 10

a. hair in the prepuce

Question 11

During total nephrectomy, ligations should be done in the following order:
a. artery-vein-ureter
b. ureter-vein-artery
c. vein-artery-ureter
d. none of the above

Answer 11

a. artery-vein-ureter

Question 11

After a surgery, a large defect was left. The most common tension relief technique is?
a. pre-suturing
b. skin expansion
c. skin stretching
d. undermining

Answer 11

d. undermining

Question 12

After queening, a cat was presented for a large, pinkish mass protruding thru the vulva. Which of the following is the ideal hygroscopic agent?
a. salt
b. salt solution
c. sugar
d. sugar solution

Answer 12

c. sugar

Question 13

During the ultrasonography of a dog, a small mass was found in the kidney, with all hematologic parameters normal, which procedure is most appropriate in this case?
a. partial nephrectomy
b. pyelolithotomy
c. nephrotomy
d. total nephrectomy

Answer 13

a. partial nephrectomy

Question 14

For effective wound healing, the skin elasticity should be:
a. high
b. intermediate
c. low
d. none of the above

Answer 14

a. high

Question 15

In staged bilateral mammectomy, the 2nd mammary arcade is removed ____ after the last surgery?
a. 5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 8

Answer 15

b. 6

Question 16

Large blood vessels are ligated by:
a. circumferential
b. transfixational
c. either a or b
d. neither a nor b

Answer 16

a. circumferential

circumferential – for blood vessels
transfixational – for organs

Question 17

M was presented with an enlarged 4th and 5th mammae, which associated lymph nodes should be removed?
a. axillary
b. inguinal
c. mesenteric
d. submandibular

Answer 17

b. inguinal

Question 18

Suturing of aural (ear) hematoma is best done using:
a. curve cutting needle
b. curved tapered needle
c. straight cutting needle
d. straight tapered needle

Answer 18

c. straight cutting needle

Question 19

The epidermis is thickest in areas of the body are:
a. affected by age
b. affected by breed
c. covered by hair
d. devoid of hair

Answer 19

d. devoid of hair

Question 20

The following are considered hazards in ovariohysterectomy, except:
a. estrus
b. obesity
c. pregnancy
d. young age

Answer 20

d. young age

Question 21

The small, soft and misshapen testicle of a unilateral cryptorchid dog suggest that the animal is totally infertile:
a. True
b. False

Answer 21

b. False

Question 22

Walking sutures are placed in order to close a large gap in the wound, the first bite is placed:
a. on the muscle
b. under the skin
c. either a or b
d. neither a nor b

Answer 22

b. under the skin

Question 23

Which of the following structures is NOT included in the suturing of urethrostomy?
a. corpus cavernosum
b. fibrous later of the penis
c. skin
d. urethral mucosa

Answer 23

a. corpus cavernosum

Question 23

Which of the following does not describe relaxing incisions?
a. full thickness
b. split thickness
c. multiple small
d. single large

Answer 23

a. full thickness

Question 23

Which of the following canine castration site is least preferred?
a. abdominal
b. perineal
c. prepubic
d. scrotal

Answer 23

b. perineal

most blockage are located at the os penis

Question 23

Which of the following is correct in cases of mammary gland tumors?
a. common as single nodules
b. common in anterior
c. common in posterior
d. common in young to middle-aged

Answer 23

c. common in posterior

Question 24

Which of the following is not applicable in tumor excision?
a. atraumatic
b. cautery of blood supply
c. changing of gloves
d. removal of benign tumors

Answer 24

b. cautery of blood supply

Question 25

Which of the following is observed in female animals 3-4 days post-whelping?
a. lochia alba
b. lochia crema
c. lochia rubra
d. lochia serosa

Answer 25

c. lochia rubra

Question 26

Which of the following urinary catheter materials is specifically used for female animals?
a. polyvinyl
b. rubber
c. silicon
d. stainless steel

Answer 26

d. stainless steel

Question 27

Which unpaired structure in the canine penis is reflected to expose the urethra for urethra(s)tomy?
a. bulbus glandis
b. glans penis
c. retractor penis muscle
d. retractor bulbus muscle

Answer 27

c. retractor penis muscle