Older Adults 1 Flashcards

Exam 3

1
Q

What is social security?

A

Designed to pay retired workers age 65 or older a continuing income after retirement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the age ranges for older adults?

A
  • young old - 65-74
  • aged - 75-84
  • Oldest old - >85
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is medicare?

A

Medicare is federal health insurance for people 65 or older, some younger people with disabilities, people with End-Stage Renal Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the current life expectancy?

A

Average is currently 76.4 years, which is a down a bit after the pandemic

US has lowest expectancy, but highest amount spent on health care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the demographics of % of adults older than 65 in the US?

A
  • In 2020 56%
  • by 2040 that jumps up to 79.7% and 92% by 2060
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the CDC listed leading causes of death?

A
  1. Heart disease
  2. cancer
  3. unintentional injury
  4. covid-19
  5. stroke
  6. chronic lower respiratory
  7. Alztheimer disease
  8. diabetes
  9. kidney disease
  10. chronic liver disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some major modifiable risk factors for leading causes of death?

A
  • smoking
  • high blood pressure
  • diabetes
  • poor diet
  • overwieght
  • lack of physical activity
  • alcohol intake

Looking for risk factor reduction, screening, and early intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the determinants of Independence? (SHAFT)

A
  1. Shopping
  2. Housekeeping
  3. Accounting
  4. Food prep/medications
  5. Telephone/transportation

Activities of daily living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the types of stress, and what are the effects?

A
  • Physical (alcohol, drugs, smoking, pain, heat, illness) or psychological (divorce, poor health, moving, poverty, death of loved one)
  • Effects: decreased immunity, lack of sleep, increased stress hormone (cortisol)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is it called when someone has a reduced ability to smell?

A

Hyposmia
* Nasal polyps, viral infections, signs of parkinsons disease, dementia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the term for smell that declines with age and is not preventable? (normal part of aging)

A

Presbyosmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the term for a distorted sense of taste? (normal part of aging)

A

Dysgeusia
* Causes: smoking, chemotherapy, zinc deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the term for dry mouth?

A

Xerostomia
* Not a normal part of aging
* causes: autoimmune, mouth breathing, medications, hypothyroidism
* effects: difficulty lubricating and chewing, dental caries, dysgeusia, dysphagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the term for someone having difficulty swallowing?

A

Dysphagia
* Causes: CNS disorders, stroke, MS, parkinsons disease, xerostomia
* speech pathologists can help in positioning, decided food consistency, relaxed enviornment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the DRI for fiber for those over age 51?

A
  • Males: 30 g/day
  • females: 21 g/day

Usual is 18g and 14g respectively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the most common GI issue?

A

Constipation
* 70% of those over 65
* causes: IBS, neurological damage, thyroid disorders, diabetes, depression, changes in diet, dehydration, pain meds