Older Adults 1 Flashcards
Exam 3
What is social security?
Designed to pay retired workers age 65 or older a continuing income after retirement
What are the age ranges for older adults?
- young old - 65-74
- aged - 75-84
- Oldest old - >85
What is medicare?
Medicare is federal health insurance for people 65 or older, some younger people with disabilities, people with End-Stage Renal Disease
What is the current life expectancy?
Average is currently 76.4 years, which is a down a bit after the pandemic
US has lowest expectancy, but highest amount spent on health care
What are the demographics of % of adults older than 65 in the US?
- In 2020 56%
- by 2040 that jumps up to 79.7% and 92% by 2060
What are the CDC listed leading causes of death?
- Heart disease
- cancer
- unintentional injury
- covid-19
- stroke
- chronic lower respiratory
- Alztheimer disease
- diabetes
- kidney disease
- chronic liver disease
What are some major modifiable risk factors for leading causes of death?
- smoking
- high blood pressure
- diabetes
- poor diet
- overwieght
- lack of physical activity
- alcohol intake
Looking for risk factor reduction, screening, and early intervention
What are the determinants of Independence? (SHAFT)
- Shopping
- Housekeeping
- Accounting
- Food prep/medications
- Telephone/transportation
Activities of daily living
What are the types of stress, and what are the effects?
- Physical (alcohol, drugs, smoking, pain, heat, illness) or psychological (divorce, poor health, moving, poverty, death of loved one)
- Effects: decreased immunity, lack of sleep, increased stress hormone (cortisol)
What is it called when someone has a reduced ability to smell?
Hyposmia
* Nasal polyps, viral infections, signs of parkinsons disease, dementia
What is the term for smell that declines with age and is not preventable? (normal part of aging)
Presbyosmia
What is the term for a distorted sense of taste? (normal part of aging)
Dysgeusia
* Causes: smoking, chemotherapy, zinc deficiency
What is the term for dry mouth?
Xerostomia
* Not a normal part of aging
* causes: autoimmune, mouth breathing, medications, hypothyroidism
* effects: difficulty lubricating and chewing, dental caries, dysgeusia, dysphagia
What is the term for someone having difficulty swallowing?
Dysphagia
* Causes: CNS disorders, stroke, MS, parkinsons disease, xerostomia
* speech pathologists can help in positioning, decided food consistency, relaxed enviornment
What is the DRI for fiber for those over age 51?
- Males: 30 g/day
- females: 21 g/day
Usual is 18g and 14g respectively
