Old Test Flashcards
T or F. Temperature increases due to global climate change have been greatest closest to the poles
true
The biological species concept requires sexual reproduction. t or f
true
True or false. natural selection prepares organisms for future changes in the environment
false
t or f phylogenetic trees are fossilized trees
false
t or f in the food chaing grass to antelop to human to lion the antelope is a herbivore and producer
false
True or false natural selection works on variation alreay present in population
true
unlike other primates, human populations are parasitized by only one lousy louse species
false
organisms evolve structures that they need true or false
false
once carbon enters the plant it can be turned into energy for plant growth t or f
false
t or f once carbon enters the plant it can be consumed by an insect feeding on the plant and become part of the insect’s body
true
t or f once carbon enters a plant it can exit as co2
true
what can create new alleles
mutation
speciation, or the formation of new species is
responsible for the diversity of life
in most developing countries
birth rates are much higher than death rates so the population is growing rapidly
the rate at which an ecosystems producers convert solar energy to chemical energy stored in biomass is caled
primary productivity
what is a representation of homologous structures
wing of a bat and flipper of a whale
what does evolutionary fitness measure
relative reproductive success
what is a main idea of darwin that he advanced in his works
species change over time, the earth is appx 6000 yrs old and unchanging
mutations arise by….
chance due to random changes in nucleotide sequences
in oceans global warming has
made the water more acidic
in what way does energy flow differ from chemical cycling
energy flow is unidirectional, chemical elements can be recycled
accodring to the logistic growth model, what happens to a population when the sie of the population reaches carrying capacity
growth rate is zero
If current trends in global warming continue for the next 50 years where will the greates effects of global warming likely be felt
greenland
what type of consumer is a white tailed deer
herbivore
natural selection can be defined as
a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reprodue than individuals with other traits
the total collection of alleles in a population at any one time make up that population’s
gene pool
genetic drift is the result of
chance
what level of ecology is concerned with the biotic and abiotic aspects of an environment
ecosystem
which nutrients often limit the distribution and abundance of photosyntheci organisms
nitrogen and phosphorus
what is a factor that operates in a density dependent manner
food supply
co2 in the atmosphere is absorbed by ___ and converted into biomass
photosynthetic organisms
the effect of deforestation has
increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
two populations that have been seperated by a river are most likely to become seperate species if
genes controlling molecules on the surface of the sperm that bind the egg receptors are different in the tow populations
____ is a directive process, while ___ is a random process. Both are considered ___ processes.
natural selection, genetic drift, evolutionary
speciation, or the formation of new species is
responsible for the diversity of life
the greenhouse effect causes an increase in global temperatures this is primarily due to
co2 and other greenhouse gases slowing the escape of heat from earth
What is an abiotic reservoir of nitrogen
atmospheric N2
microevolution refers to the genetic changes in…
populations of organisms
if two animals are able to interbreed but produce sterile hybrids these two animals belong to
different species
what type of structures found in two different species suggests divergent evolution
homologous structures
fireflies that cannot communicate properly with each other (wrong flash rate) for mating is an example of
behavioral isolation
in the oceans global warming has…
made the water more acidic.
according to the logistic growth model what happens to a population when the size of the population reaches carrying capacity
growth rate is zero
what must occur during a period of geographic isolation in order for two or more sibling species to remain genetically distinct following their geographic reunion in the same home range
reproductive isolation
hybridization, such as mules and ligers is an example of…
postzygotic isolation
tropical rainforests contain ____ percent of all life forms on earth
40-50%
recovery from extinction takes about
10 million years
what does evolutionary fitness measure
relative reproductive success
What important processes drive the carbon cycle
photosynthesis and respiration
in a food web an eagle is most likely to be a ___ consumer
tertiary or quaternary
the affect of deforestation has been to ____
increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
the energy for nearly every organism in almost every ecosystem comes from…
the sun
natural selection can be defined as
a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits.
a reproductive barrier that prevents a species from mating is an example of
a prezygotic barrier
