Old quiz

Question 1

Epitopes on bacterial cells bind to:

Answer 1

the Fab region of antibodies.

Question 2

Which statement is most true regarding human immunoglobins

Answer 2

IgA is the most important immunoglobin in protecting mucosal surfaces.

Question 3

Disulfide bonds in antibodies are:

Answer 3

important in binding the J-chain to IgA dimer.

Question 4

T and F: In periodontal disease bacteria can elicit both a local and systemic antibody response. The antibody response most effective in neutralizing bacteria in periodontal disease is the result of a polyclonal response.

Answer 4

The first statement is true and the second statement is false.

Question 5

Macrophages are long-lived cells that are involved in both the innate and the acquired immune response. PMNs and macrophages are both phagocytic and can be categorized as antigen presenting cells.

Answer 5

The first statement is true and the second statement is false.

Question 6

The mechanism of action for the interaction of LPS with macrophages involves which receptor:

Answer 6

CD14

Question 7

The interaction of LPS with macrophages with endotoxins results in the release of all of the following except:

Answer 7

IL-10

Question 8

The primary cell involved in the non-pathogenic breakdown of collagen in the gingiva is the:

Answer 8

Fibroblast

Question 9

CD4 cells primarily utilize _____________ during antigen presentation. Pick the best answer.

Answer 9

the MHC class II molecule

Question 10

The interleukin most associated with periodontal health is:

Answer 10

IL-4

Question 11

Which statement is most true regarding human immunoglobins

Answer 11

IgA is the most important immunoglobin in protecting mucosal surfaces.

Question 12

Disulfide bonds in antibodies are:

Answer 12

important in binding the J-chain to IgA dimer.

Question 13

Macrophages are long-lived cells that are involved in both the innate and the acquired immune response. PMNs and macrophages are both phagocytic and can be categorized as antigen presenting cells.

Answer 13

The first statement is true and the second statement is false.

Question 14

The interaction of LPS with macrophages with endotoxins results in the release of all of the following except:

Answer 14

IL-10

Question 15

The primary cell involved in the non-pathogStudies done by Kornman et.al. on patients with IL-1 gene polymorphism suggest which of the following statements is true:enic breakdown of collagen in the gingiva is the:

Answer 15

Fibroblast

Question 16

Fibroblast

Answer 16

IL-1 gene Polymorphism can be used as a measure of susceptibility for periodontal disease In some patient populations.

Question 17

During the initial invasion of the gingival tissues by bacteria the mast cell can be stimulated to release vasodilators by:

Answer 17

C3a

Question 18

Complement molecules most typically associated with acute inflammation are:

Answer 18

C3a and C5a

Question 19

The Critical Pathway Model of Pathogenesis (described in lecture) shows that the neutralization of initial microbial infection is primarily accomplished by all of the following except:

Answer 19

Interleukin (cytokine) response

Question 20

Increased levels of acute phase proteins, such as C-reactive protein, are part of the innate immune response during initial bacterial invasion in gingivitis. Increased C-reactive protein levels in the blood are indicative of inflammation in the whole body.

Answer 20

Both statements are true.

Question 21

Chemokinesis is the movement of cells due to chemical or physical stimulation. Chemotaxis is a specialized type of chemokinesis and is best described as:

Answer 21

The directed movement of cells towards an increasing chemical gradient.

Question 22

There are many known chemoattractants for neutrophils. The chemoattractant that results from the proteolytic breakdown of complement is:

Answer 22

C5a

Question 23

PMNs have two basic microbiocidal mechanisms, the oxygen dependent and the oxygen independent mechanisms. The preferred PMN killing mechanism is oxygen dependent and requires the enzyme lysozyme.

Answer 23

The first statement is true and the second statement is false

Question 24

The primary cell involved in the non-pathogenic breakdown of collagen in the gingiva is the:

Answer 24

Fibroblast

Question 25

Characteristics of the Established Lesion (Page and Schroeder) that occur after 2-3 weeks of plaque accumulation include all of the following except:

Answer 25

Radiographic evidence of bone loss

Question 26

The most correct order of events that occurs during the movement of a PMN from a post-capillary venule into the gingival connective tissue and the subsequent bacterial killing is:

Answer 26

ICAM expression-margination-diapedesis-chemotaxis-apoptosis

Question 27

Characteristics of the Established Lesion that occur after 2-3 weeks of plaque accumulation (Page and Schroeder) include all of the following except:

Answer 27

There are no detectable histologic changes in the junctional epithelium.

Question 28

The Critical Pathway Model of Pathogenesis (described in class) shows that the neutralization of initial microbial infection is primarily accomplished by all of the following except:

Answer 28

Interleukin (cytokine) response

Question 29

Increased levels of acute phase proteins, such as C-reactive protein, are part of the innate immune response during initial bacterial invasion in gingivitis. Increased C-reactive protein levels in the blood are indicative of inflammation in the whole body.

Answer 29

Both statements are true.

Question 30

Complement molecules most typically associated with acute inflammation are:

Answer 30

C3a and C5a

Question 31

Chemokinesis is the movement of cells due to chemical or physical stimulation. Chemotaxis is a specialized type of chemokinesis and is best described as:

Answer 31

The directed movement of cells towards an increasing chemical gradient.

Question 32

PMN’s play an important role in the protection of the periodontium against bacterial colonization and infection. Which of the statements below is most correct?

Answer 32

NADPH oxidase is an important PMN membrane enzyme associated with the production of H202 and HOCL.

Question 33

The complement molecule most typically associated with bacterial opsonization is:

Answer 33

C3b

Question 34

Bacteroides forsythus is now known as

Answer 34

Tannerella forsythia

Question 35

The microbiota of the clinically healthy periodontium is largely comprised of

Answer 35

gram-positive facultative microorganisms

Question 36

LPS is the endotoxin associated with cell wall of:

Answer 36

gram-negative bacteria

Question 37

The most abundant bacteria found in the sulcus of the healthy periodontium are:

Answer 37

Streptococcus and actinomyces species

Question 38

The most common cause of gingivitis is:

Answer 38

inadequate oral hygiene

Question 39

Plaque is the primary etiology that initiates gingival inflammation leading to clinical gingivitis. Increased GCF flow associated with increased gingival inflammation provides the minerals that help convert the subgingival plaque to calculus.

Answer 39

Both statements are true.

Question 40

The non-mineralized plaque biofilm on calculus is the principal irritant that causes gingival inflammation. The primary role that calculus plays in subgingival inflammation is to act as a substrate (surface) for continued plaque accumulation.

Answer 40

Both statements are true.

Question 41

All of the following conditions are associated with desqamative gingivitis except for:

Answer 41

leukemia

Question 42

Microbiologic studies of localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) suggest a strong correlation with plaque associated with:

Answer 42

A. actinomycetemcomitans

Question 43

Gingivitis does not always proceed to periodontitis. Chronic gingivitis may exist for extended periods of time without advancing to periodontitis.

Answer 43

Both statements are true.

Question 44

Smokers melanosis can be seen in the periodontal tissues of heavy smokers. Which of the following statements is most correct.

Answer 44

Second-hand smoke can cause smokers melanosis in children.

Question 45

Gingival pigmentation is commonly seen in the attached gingival tissues. Which of the following statements is incorrect.

Answer 45

Amalgam tattoos are frequently seen and always require a biopsy for diagnosis.

Question 46

A helpful clinical method to determine if the pigmentation of a patient is due to amalgam is:

Answer 46

Radiography of the area in question.

Question 47

Periodontal disease is an infectious disePeriodontitis occurs in approximately half of American adults.ase process that involves inflammation. Gingivitis is best characterized as:

Answer 47

Periodontal disease is an infectious disease process that involves inflammation. Gingivitis is best characterized as:

Question 48

The most recent (2009-2010) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) findings suggest:

Answer 48

The most recent (2009-2010) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) findings suggest:

Question 49

Biofilms are very important in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. All of the statements are true except for:

Answer 49

Little communication occurs between the microorganisms found in dental biofilms.

Question 50

Oral pigmentation can be caused by genetic predisposition. Non-genetic causes of gingival pigmentation can be caused by medical disorders.

Answer 50

Both statements are true.

Question 51

Epithelial cells found in the PDL (Periodontal ligament) can cause:

Answer 51

Periodontal cysts during infection.