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biology > old material quizzes > Flashcards

old material quizzes Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many domains of life are there?

A

3

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2
Q

Which types of organisms are closest to one another in evolutionary terms?

A

protists and fungi

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3
Q

What feature is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

A

cellular membrane

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4
Q

The following domains of life are believed to come from a common ancestor

A

bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes

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5
Q

A common feature of all life on earth is that all organisms:

A

have DNA with A, C, G and T nucleotides is used as genetic material

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6
Q

An atom’s reactivity is primarily dependent on:

A

the number of valence electrons

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7
Q

The element that is not found in biological molecules is:

A

Helium

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8
Q

The weakest interaction of the four is:
covalent bond
ionic bond
hydrogen bond
van der Waals interaction

A

van der Waals interaction

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9
Q

Water molecules bind to the surface of a protein primarily by:

A

hydrogen bonds

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10
Q

The pH of human blood is usually:

A

slightly basic

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11
Q

A hydrocarbon molecule most likely is:

A

hydrophobic

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12
Q

Within a cellulose molecule, monosaccharides are joined by this type of bond or interaction

A

covalent bonds

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13
Q

breaking down a sucrose disaccharide into glucose and fructose monosaccharides is best described as a

A

hydrolysis reaction

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14
Q

the part of the phospholipid that is the most hydrophobic is the

A

fatty acid tails

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15
Q

of these four biological molecules, the one that is found most abundantly in a human cell are:
lipids
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
proteins

A

proteins

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16
Q

the following biological molecule polymer is most frequently is able to form complex patterns of BRANCHED chains

A

polysaccharides

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17
Q

forming a new peptide bond joining two amino acids is best described as a

A

dehydration reaction

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18
Q

the side chain of the following amino acid is able to make a covalent bond with the side chain of another amino acid

A

cysteine

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19
Q

the following amino acid would normally be found in the core of a folded protein

A

isoleucine

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20
Q

the side chain of this amino acid could be involved in forming an ionic bond

A

arginine

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21
Q

the following statement about hemoglobin is not true:
hemoglobin folds into a quaternary structure
hemoglobin is a protein made up of amino acid monomers
hemoglobin is able to bind and transport oxygen
unmutated hemoglobin aggregates into long fibers in red blood cells

A

unmutated hemoglobin aggregates into long fibers in red blood cells

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22
Q

the following nitrogenous base is the most similar to thymine in structure

A

uracil

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23
Q

a phosphodiester bond in DNA is a

A

covalent bond

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24
Q

the following interaction is the strongest:
Base pairing between guanine and cytosine
Base pairing between adenine and cytosine
Base pairing between guanine and thymine
Base pairing between adenine and thymine

A

Base pairing between guanine and cytosine

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25
Q

the energy carrier molecule ATP is a

A

nucleotide

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26
Q

the following statement about RNA and DNA is not true:
RNA and DNA are both made up of nucleotides joined by phosphodiester linkages
Base pairing interaction take place in both RNA and DNA molecules
RNA and DNA are both nucleic acids
RNA and DNA both use the same four nitrogenous bases

A

RNA and DNA both use the same four nitrogenous bases

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27
Q

the following statement about cells is not true:
All cells contain ribosomes
All cells contain a semi-permeable plasma membrane
All cells (bacterial, eukaryotic, and archaeal) are thought to come from a common ancestor
All cells are similar in size

A

All cells are similar in size

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28
Q

ribosomes can be best visualized using

A

electron microscopy

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29
Q

the following are too small to resolve by light microscopy or electronic microscopy

A

individual atoms

30
Q

the following is not true about both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells:
Both types of cells use DNA as template to make RNA then proteins
Both types of cells have a plasma membrane
Both types of cells use ribosomes to synthesize proteins
DNA in both types of cells is stored in a nuclear membrane

A

DNA in both types of cells is stored in a nuclear membrane

31
Q

mRNA goes from nucleus to the cytosol by passing through the

A

nuclear pore complex

32
Q

some eukaryotic cells lack the following type of organelle

A

chloroplasts

33
Q

the following organelle modifies proteins and sorts them to different parts of the cell

A

golgi apparatus

34
Q

the progenitor of mitochondria and chloroplasts most likely was similar to the following organism

A

bacteria

35
Q

the following organelle does not contain prokaryotic DNA

A

perixosomes

36
Q

plant cells do not have the following:
mitochondria
central vacuole
cell wall
chloroplasts
plant cells have all of these

A

plant cells have all of these

37
Q

the cytoskeleton is made up of this type of biological macromolecule

A

proteins

38
Q

the cytoskeleton is not involved in the following cellular process:

A

protein folding

39
Q

the strongest type of cell junction is the

A

desmosomes

40
Q

this cell junction allows the transport of nutrients between neighboring cells

A

gap junctions

41
Q

the following type of molecule would be the least likely to diffuse through a cellular membrane:
small, uncharged polar molecules
small, charged molecules
large, charged molecules
large, uncharged polar molecules

A

large, charged molecules

42
Q

the amino acid most likely to be found in the transmembrane region of an integral protein is

A

isoleucine

43
Q

molecules can be transported the fastest through the following

A

ion channel receptor

44
Q

proton pumps moves ions through it using

A

active transport using energy from ATP hydrolysis to ADP

45
Q

a GPCR is best described as a

A

integral protein

46
Q

hydrolysis of ATP to ADP + inorganic phosphate is best described as a

A

an exergonic reaction with a negative delta G

47
Q

enzymes function by affecting the following reaction component or feature

A

activation energy of reaction

48
Q

conversion of sucrose to glucose and fructose is

A

an enzyme catalyzed reaction

49
Q

the following biological molecule most often serves as an enzyme catalyst

A

protein

50
Q

a competitive inhibitor blocks an enzyme by binding to an enzyme’s

A

active site

51
Q

during the first five steps of glycolysis (the energy investment phase):

A

two ATP are converted to ADP

52
Q

glycolysis takes place in the

A

cytosol

53
Q

ATP synthesis by chemiosmosis is driven by

A

proton movement from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix

54
Q

the most ATP is produced from this stage of cellular respiration

A

oxidative phosphorylation

55
Q

an enzyme used both during photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation is

A

ATP synthase

56
Q

photosystem I and photosystem II are located on this cell membrane

A

thylakoid membrane

57
Q

during the light reactions of photosynthesis, the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is

A

NADP+

58
Q

pumping of protons from the stroma to the thylakoid space is driven by

A

electrons moving down the electron transport chain

59
Q

the calvin cycle takes place in

A

the chloroplast’s storma

60
Q

during the calvin cycle, for every molecule of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is produced from

A

9 ATP and 6 NAPDH

61
Q

the interphase portion of the cell cycle consists of

A

G1, S and G2 phases

62
Q

the mitotic spindle is primarily made of this type of biological molecule

A

protein

63
Q

division of the cytoplasm occurs at this stage of cell division

A

cytokinesis

64
Q

in a human somatic diploid cell there are this number of chromosomes

A

46

65
Q

in a human haploid cel there are this number of autosomes

A

22

66
Q

the stage in meiosis that is most similar to metaphase in mitosis is

A

metaphase II

67
Q

crossing over to produce synapsis occurs at this stage of meiosis

A

prophase I

68
Q

when Mendel performed a cross between plants with ‘round seeds’ and plants with ‘wrinkled seeds’ the progeny (F1 generation) should have

A

100% round seeds

69
Q

when the progeny from the F1 generation (round seeds and plants with wrinkled seeds = 100% round seeds) are crossed with each other, the F2 generation plant should have

A

75% round seeds and 25% wrinkled seeds

70
Q

for the seeds in the F2 generation (75% round seeds and 25% wrinkled seeds):
half the seeds are homozygous and half the seeds are heterozygous
all the seeds are homozygous
all the seeds are heterozygous

A

half the seeds are homozygous and half the seeds are heterozygous

biology (3 decks)

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