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Prokaryotic Molecular Genetics > Old Exam 2 practice problems > Flashcards

Old Exam 2 practice problems Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The transfer of a naked fragment of DNA between bacteria is called?

A

Transformation

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2
Q

The transport of bacterial DNA to other bacteria via bacteriophages is called?

A

Transduction

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3
Q

What happens during a F+ xF- mating?

A

DNA is transferred from F+ to F- cells

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4
Q

Integrated (Hfr) - In this state the factor has integrated into the bacterial chromosome via a recombination. T or F?

A

True

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5
Q

The transfer of genetic information is in what direction?

A

Unidirectional and partial

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6
Q

What is a strain of bacteria that harbors a prophage is called?

A

Lysogen

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7
Q

T or F. In general transduction a lysogenic phage undergoes recombination with the host genome and later when an independent phage genome, and it carries one or more host genes with it.

A

False : It occurs in specialized transduction

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8
Q

An E. coli strain is F- lac Z- met+ bio+. Cells from this strain are mixed with an E. coli strain that is lac Z+ met- bio- and carrying an F’ episome with the
plac O+ lac Z+ DNA sequence on the episome, and cultured for several hours. Then cells were removed, washed, and transferred to minimal media containing lactose as the only sugar source. A few cells were able to grow on minimal media with lactose, and formed colonies. How did these few cells become lac Z+ met+ bio+?

A

Sexduction

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9
Q

True and False. In the cut-and-paste transposition cointegrate intermediate is formed, both strands of the DNA transpose and transposon leaves the donor DNA.

A

False

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10
Q

________ is the recombination of DNA sequences having nearly the same nucleotide sequence and involving Rec A proteins

A

Homologous recombination

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11
Q

F factor plasmids play a major role in what bacterial process?

A

Conjugation

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12
Q

True or False. An Hfr ( high frequencey of recombination) strain occurs when the F+ factor becomes integrated into the E. coli host chromosome, due to the presence of the insertion sequences.

A

True

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13
Q

Usage of a virus vector to deliver the DNA into the target cell is what?

A

Transduction

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14
Q

This type of recombination does not require homologous sequences and is important for the integration of viral genomes into bacterial chromosomes are?

A

Site-specific recombination

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15
Q

Horizontal transfer can best be described as what?

A

The transmission of genetic information from one independent, mature organism to another.

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16
Q

The name of the process in which plasmids can be eliminated form a cells is called what?

A

Curing

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17
Q

The type of plasmid makes the host more pathogenic?

A

Virulence plasmid

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18
Q

What type of plasmid carries genes encoding enzymes that degrade substances such as aromatic compounds, pesticides, or sugar?

A

Metabolic Plasmid

19
Q

Mobile genetic elements that carry the genes required for integration into host chromosomes are?

A

Transposons

20
Q

Composite transposons are formed when?

A

Two IS elements integrate into a chromosome with only a small distance between separating them

21
Q

In which type of transduction does the transducing particle carry only specific portions of the bacterial genome?

A

Specialized transduction

22
Q

The tranposase gene encodes an enzyme that:

A

Facilitates site-specific integration of transposable elements

23
Q

What are the three tools by microbial genetisists?

A

plasmids, bacteriophage, transposable elements

24
Q

__________ promote the resolution of the cointegrates by recognizing the res sequences.

A

Resolvases

25
Q

________ promote specific recombination by recognizing two sites that are in reverse orientation to each other.

A

DNA invertases

26
Q

True or False: The ColE1-derived plasmid replication is regulated by a ctRNA and protein.

A

False

27
Q

True or False: In the plasmids the oriV determine the mechanism of replication, host range, and regulate the number of copy.

A

True

28
Q

True or False: The oriV region of ColE1-derived plasmid contains several repeats of a certain set of DNA bases (iteron sequences)

A

True

29
Q

True or False: In R1 and ColB1-P9 plasmids the number of copies is regulated by the amount of Rep protein using antisense RNA to inhibit the synthesis of Rep protein.

A

True

30
Q

An integrin with a large number of cassettes, what is it?

A

super-integron

31
Q

What are mutations in the Lac Operon that seem to abolish expression called?

A

non-inducible

32
Q

LacO mutations are cis dominant. True or False?

A

True

33
Q

What are the three loci responsible for lactose metabolism?

A

LacZ, Lac Y, LacA

34
Q

Bacteriophages need a host cell to reproduce. Name the two life cycles which phages can undergo and explain what the difference is for them.

A

Lytic and Lysogenic cycle

35
Q

When a transposon moves within a host cell it?

A

Sometimes leaves a copy of itself from the original location

36
Q

Type of site-specific recombinase that breaks and rejoins DNA in res sequences?

A

resolvase

37
Q

What are the two classes of phage transduction

A

generalized and specialized transduction

38
Q

In the absence of tryptophan, the trp repressor is?

A

Inactive and cannot bind to the operator

39
Q

The regulation performed by regulatory genes; each step triggers the next and stops the preceding what?

A

Regulatory cascade

40
Q

Single regulatory protein that controls a large number of operons.

A

Regulon

41
Q

How many classes of CAP (catabolite activator protein) are there

A

Three; Class I, II, and III

42
Q

The mRNA strand is coded by the what?

A

Anti-sense strand (3’-5’)

43
Q

How many classes of transposons are the there?

A

2; Class I and Class II

Prokaryotic Molecular Genetics (13 decks)

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