Old Age Psychiatry Flashcards
1
Q
ABCD of dementia
A
- A → activity
- B → behaviour and psychiatric symptoms of Dementia
- C →cognitive impairment
- D → decline
2
Q
Neuropsychiatric disturbances in dementia
A
- Anxiety
- Agitation
- Altered circadian rhythm
- Depression
- Psychosis
- Activity disturbances
- Paranoia
3
Q
Dementia vs delirium vs depression
A
- Delirium
- Abrupt, precise and known onset
- Acute, lasting days or weeks
- Reversible
- Disorientation ine early disease
- Fluctuations
- Short attention span
- Dementia
- Insidious onset
- Slow, gradual, progressive onset
- Irreversible
- Slight variation
- Clouded consciousness
- Normal attention span
- Depression
- Abrupt onset
- History of depression
- Diurnal variation
- Fluctuating cognition
- Associated anxiety
- Memory loss associated with depressed mood
4
Q
Clinical assessment of dementia
A
- History and collateral info
- Risk assessment
- Cognitive testing → MSSE/ MOCA
- Physical and bloods
- Neuroimaging
- Follow up
5
Q
Types of dementia
A
- Alzheimers’ disease
- Vascular
- Lewy body
- Front-temporal
- Secondary to other brain disorder (Huntington’s chorea
6
Q
Features of dementia with Lewy bodies (LWD)
A
- Marked fluctuations
- Deficits in attention, executive function, visuospatial function
- Amnesia not prominent
- Visuospatial hallucinations
- Parkinsonism
- Associations
- REM sleep disorder
- Abnormal DAT scan
7
Q
Features of frontotemporal dementia
A
- Behaviour changes
- Speech disorder → altered output, echolalia, mutism
- Frontal dysexeutive syndrome
- Relatively spared memory, visuospatial function
- Associated with Parkinsonism and MND
- Knife bladed atrophy of frontal and temporal lobes
8
Q
Management of Dementia
A
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
- Memantine
- Other psychotropics
- Antipsychotics
- Antidepressants
- Anxiolytics
- Hypnotics
- Anticonvulsants
9
Q
Fitness to drive
A
- Dementia or Organic Brain Syndrome
- Notify DVLA at diagnosis
10
Q
Define power of attorney
A
- Control in areas of finances, welfare and medical care
- Solicitor assesses capacity
- Act in best interest of patient
11
Q
Common mental disorders in elderly
A
- Depressive symptoms
- Depressive illness
- Anxiety disorders (GAD, PTSD, Agoraphobia, panic)
- Mania
- Schizophrenia
- Psychosis
- Alcohol problems
- Suicidal ideations
12
Q
Common mental disorders in elderly
A
- Depressive symptoms
- Depressive illness
- Anxiety disorders (GAD, PTSD, Agoraphobia, panic)
- Mania
- Schizophrenia
- Psychosis
- Alcohol problems
- Suicidal ideations
13
Q
Risk factors of suicidality in the elderly
A
- Loneliness
- Widowed
- Ill health
- Chronic pain
- Recent life events
