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Question 1

Bohr Model?

Answer 1

Model of electrons circling the nucleus in certain paths, orbits, or atomic energy levels (created in 1913)

Question 2

Electrons..

Answer 2

are higher in energy the further away from the nucleus

Question 3

Electrons…

Answer 3

cannot be between orbits

Question 4

Heisenburg Uncertainty Principle states..

Answer 4

it’s impossible to know the exact position and motion of an object at the same time

Question 5

How does one see an electron?

Answer 5

By hitting it with a photon, causing a change in the velocity and momentum of the electron

Question 6

Memorize

Answer 6

The act of measuring affects the particle being measured

Question 7

Who proposed the Uncertainty Principle?

Answer 7

Werner Heisenburg

Question 8

Schrodinger Wave Equation

Answer 8

Made an equation defining probability clouds or orbitals, where electrons have probability of being found (created in 1926)

Question 9

What other point does Schrodinger’s Wave Equation mention?

Answer 9

That there are no neat orbits.

Question 10

Atoms release of discrete wavelengths in a specific characteristic set is called

Answer 10

an emission spectrum

Question 11

How are emission spectrums produced?

Answer 11

By excited electrons dropping from the excited state to lower energy levels

Question 12

Remember

Answer 12

Possible electrons dropping states is different for each element (emission spec.)

Question 13

Remember

Answer 13

There are different emission spectrums for each element due to different electron dropping states

Question 14

Remember

Answer 14

Emission spectrums can be used to identify an element

Question 15

How are electrons organized in atoms?

Answer 15

By energy levels, sublevels, and orbitals

Question 16

S

Answer 16

1 orbital, spherical shape, and found in energy levels 1 and above (least energy)

Question 17

P

Answer 17

3 orbitals, dumbbell shape, and found in energy levels 2 and above

Question 18

D

Answer 18

5 orbitals, double dumbbell shape, and found in energy levels 3 and above

Question 19

F

Answer 19

7 orbitals, complex shape, and found in energy levels 4 and above (most energy)

Question 20

Each orbital contains…

Answer 20

2 electrons

Question 21

Maximum number of electrons for an energy level is

Answer 21

2n^2

Question 22

The first energy level can hold

Answer 22

2 electrons

Question 23

The second energy level can hold

Answer 23

8 electrons

Question 24

The third energy level can hold

Answer 24

18 electrons

Question 25

The fifth level of an energy atom could hold at maximum

Answer 25

5 sublevels

Question 26

Electrons are found in

Answer 26

orbitals

Question 27

The shapes of the orbitals represent

Answer 27

areas where the electrons can be found 90% of the time

Question 28

When two electrons are in the same orbital they have

Answer 28

opposite spins

Question 29

A d sublevel can hold..

Answer 29

10 electrons

Question 30

3s and 4s sublevels have..

Answer 30

the same shape

Question 31

Quantum numbers

Answer 31

are an indication of a particular electron in an atom with four sets of numbers

Question 32

Principal quantum number (n)

Answer 32

indicates the energy level

Question 33

Orbital angular momentum quantum number (l)

Answer 33

indicates the sublevel (s,p,d, or f)

Question 34

Magnetic quantum number (m1)

Answer 34

indicates which specific orbital

Question 35

Electron spin quantum number (ms)

Answer 35

indicates the spin of the electron

Question 36

Aufbau principle is

Answer 36

an electron occupying the lowest energy level that can receive it

Question 37

Pauli exclusion principle is...

Answer 37

when two electrons are in the same orbital there will be opposite spins, the spins are represented by an up or down arrow

Question 38

Hund's rule states

Answer 38

electrons enter each orbital orientation one at a time with the same spin before pairing of electrons of opposite spins

Question 39

speed of light equals

Answer 39

wavelength x frequency

Question 40

Plancks equation

Answer 40

quantum of energy is the smallest amount of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom

Question 41

Energy increases as the colors go

Answer 41

up on the electromagnetic spectrum

Question 42

The colors in the visible spectrum in order from lowest energy to highest energy are..

Answer 42

Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet

Question 43

High frequency waves have

Answer 43

high energy

Question 44

Short frequency waves have

Answer 44

high energy

Question 45

Long wavelengths have

Answer 45

low energy

Question 46

Low energy waves have

Answer 46

low frequency

Question 47

Bohr's theory

Answer 47

electrons occupy energy levels at defined distances from the nucleus

Question 48

Bohr's theory

Answer 48

electrons in a non-energized atom occupy the lowest energy orbits, called the ground state

Question 49

Bohr's theory

Answer 49

electrons in energized atoms absorb just enough light energy to move from the ground state to a higher energy orbit called the excited state

Question 50

Remember

Answer 50

electrons do not remain in the excited state, but fall back to the ground state releasing energy in the form of light, the energy released is related to the frequency of light absorbed

Question 51

Electromagnetic radiation

Answer 51

energy that acts as a wave in spacef

Question 52

When the electron returns to the ground state it emits a

Answer 52

photon (light)

Question 53

The duality of matter means

Answer 53

electrons have properties of both waves and particles

Question 54

The number of times a crest of a wave has passed a fixed point in a given amount of time

Answer 54

frequency

Question 55

High frequency in EM waves means

Answer 55

high energy and short wavelength

Question 56

A wave with a large wavelength will have

Answer 56

a low frequency and low energy

Question 57

High frequency waves have _ wavelength

Answer 57

low