Oedema

Question 1

What are the indications for thiazides and loop diuretics?

Answer 1

Thiazides used to relieve oedema due to chronic HF, in lower doses to reduce BP. Loops are used in pulmonary oedema due to LVF and in patients with CHF.

Question 2

What is the MOA of thiazides?

Answer 2

Inhibit sodium reabsorption in the beginning of distal convoluted tube

Question 3

When is the best time to take a thiazide?

Answer 3

Early in the day, they act within 1-2 hours and most have a duration of action of 12-24 hours, taking it early in the day reduces sleep interference.

Question 4

What thiazide is preferred in HT?

Answer 4

Indapamide or chlortalodine

Question 5

Why is a low dose thiazide used in HT?

Answer 5

Produces maximal blood pressure lowering effect with very little effect on biochemical disturbance. High doses can cause changes to k,na, glucose, lipids, uric acid with little advantage in BP control.

Question 6

Loop diuretics can exacerbate diabetes and gout but hyperglaecmia is less likely than with thiazides.

Answer 6

.

Question 7

What is the duration of action for bumetanide and furosemide?

Answer 7

Act within 1 hour and diuresis complete within 6 hours. Can be given BD without interfering with sleep

Question 8

What is the MOA of dorzolamide and brinzolamide

Answer 8

Inhibit formation of aqueous humor, used in glaucoma`

Question 9

What is the MOA of loop diuretics?

Answer 9

Inhibit reabsorption from the ascending limb, powerful diuretics?

Question 10

In pts with renal impairment, high doses of a loop diuretic can cause_

Answer 10

Tinnitus and deafness