Odontogenic infection Flashcards
Aetiology of odontogenic infection
- Caries/periapical infection
- Periodontal disease
- Pericoronitis
- Trauma (e.g. fractured mandible)
- Post-operative infections
- Cysts
- Tumours
Process of infection
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Bacteria involved in odontogenic infections
o Streptococcus milleri (65%)
o Peptostreptococcus (65%)
o Other anaerobic streptococci (9%)
o Prevotella species (74%)
o P. gingivalis (17%)
o Fusobacterium species (52%)
What is a facial space and what is its borders?
o A facial space is a potential space that exists between facial planes of soft tissue
o Barriers such as muscle, bone, and fascia
What are the primary facial spaces
- Buccal
- Lingual
- Sublingual
- Submental
- Submandibular
What are the secondary facial spaces
- Lateral pharyngeal
- Masseteric
- Submasseteric
Stages of infection
o Inoculation stage = very soft, mildly tender, oedematous swelling which is diffuse and jelly-like
o Cellulitis stage = indurated swelling with indistinct borders (diffuse) considered the most acute, painful, and severe presentation of infection. The severity of cellulitis increases as its firmness increases.
o Abscess stage = distinct and well-defined border with central fluctuance, a sign of increasing host reaction to infection. Usually it is slow-growing and less serious than cellulitis, especially if the abscess has drained spontaneously to the external environment.