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Pediatrics > Ocular Health > Flashcards

Ocular Health Flashcards

1
Q

What colors can babies differentiate?

A

Black and white

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2
Q

What colors can infants differentiate?

A

red

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3
Q

What colors can 1 month of age differentiate?

A

Blue and green from gray

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4
Q

What colors can 3 month year olds differentiate?

A

Yellow,, green, blue, from gray

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5
Q

Whos fault is it for color defects?

A

Mothers fault, X-linked

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6
Q

What percent do boys have color deficit?

A

8%

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7
Q

What does HRR book allow you to do?

A

Allows you to quantify defect

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8
Q

If child misses one plate, what do you do?

A

Do the whole book and record outcomes

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9
Q

What would patients see on Ishihara?

A

numbers that determine red/green defect.
Differentiates dustan from proton.

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10
Q

What is the hardest color test?

A

D-15 test

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11
Q

When will a Caucasian baby have permanent pigment in the iris? In what layer of iris changes?

A

1 year. Stroma

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11
Q

When will a Caucasian baby have permanent pigment in the iris? In what layer of iris changes?

A

1 year. Stroma

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12
Q

How long does it take for babies to have normal pupils?

A

6 months. Starts out small and sluggish.

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13
Q

If baby is born 31 weeks early, what kind of pupillary response will they have?

A

Poor response

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14
Q

True or false:
Newborns have good FOV.

A

False they have reduced field of view until 10 years of age.

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15
Q

When is superior visual field at adult levels?

A

1 year

16
Q

Normal IOP

A

8.4-25mmHg.

17
Q

Who has higher IOP, infants or adults?

A

Adults

18
Q

Between ages 5 to 9, how much IOP does it go up each year?

A

1 mmHg each year

19
Q

Does general anesthesia lower IOP

A

Yes

20
Q

At what age does person have normal levels of IOP?

A

Age 12

21
Q

What is the gold standard IOP assessment?

A

Goldmann

22
Q

What do you use to observe open angles in anterior set?

A

Shadow test

23
Q

How long do you wait for dilation?

A

20-40 minutes

24
Q

How long do you wait for cycloplegia?

A

30-40 minutes

25
Q

What is the most important when viewing posterior segment?

A

Posterior pole

26
Q

What diagnostic anesthetics do you use for kids?

A

Proparacaine, tetracaine, benoxinate.
PREFERABLY tetracaine.

26
Q

What diagnostic anesthetics do you use for kids?

A

Proparacaine, tetracaine, benoxinate.
PREFERABLY tetracaine.

27
Q

What are 2 important side effects for cyclopentalate?

A

drowsiness, seizures

28
Q

What can you also use atropine for?

A

To treat uveitis, myopia

29
Q

What drop can increase blood pressure?

A

Phenyl

30
Q

Atropine (1%)
Mydriasis:
Recovery:
Cycloplegia:
Recovery:

A

Mydriasis: 30-60 mins
Recovery: 7-14 days
Cycloplegia: 1-3 hours
Recovery: 3-12 days

31
Q

Cyclopentolate (0.5-1%)
Mydriasis:
Recovery:
Cycloplegia:
Recovery:

A

Mydriasis: 30-60 minutes
Recovery: 6-24 hours
Cycloplegia: 25-75 minutes
Recovery: 6-24 hours

Pediatrics (10 decks)

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