October Review Flashcards
Across the biosphere, the variety of
life is called?
Biological diversity, or biodiversity.
A particular type of living things that can reproduce by interbreeding among themselves.
Species
The scientific study of all forms of life, or all types of organisms.
Biology
And individual living thing.
Organism.
The basic unit of life.
Cell
All of the chemical processes that build up or break down materials.
Metabolism
The genetic material.
Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA.
All living things and all the places that are found on Earth.
Biosphere
An organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole.
System
Is a physical environment with different species that interact with one another and with nonliving things.
Ecosystem
Is the maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism.
Homeostasis
Is the change in living things over time.
Evolution
An inherited trait that gives an advantage to individual organisms and is passed on to future generations is an?
Adaptation
Includes using our senses to study the world, but it may also involve other tools.
Observation
Observations can also be recorded as?
Data
Is a proposed answer for a scientific question.
Hypothesis
Allow scientists to test hypotheses and find out how something happens.
Experiments
Is a condition that is manipulated, or changed, by a scientist.
Indelendent variable
Are observed and measured during an experiment; they are the experimental data.
Dependent variable
The conditions that do not change during an experiment are called?
Constants
Is a proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results that is supported by a wide range of evidence.
Theory
The samllest basic unit of matter.
Atom
Is one particular type of atom, and it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means.
Element
Ia a substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio.
Compound
How an ionic bond is formed?
Forms through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions.
When two ions of different charges become close to the other and they are bonded together because of their charges.
Ionic bond
What name receives the compound of two ions through and ionic bond?
Ionic compound
Is an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons.
Ion
When a covalent bond is formed?
When two atoms are sharing a pair of electrons.
Two or more atoms holded together by covalent bonds.
Molecules.
Is an attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen ion and a slightly negative atom.
Hydrogen bond
The attraction among molecules of a subtance.
Cohesion
The attraction among molecules of different subtances.
Adhesion
Is a mixture of substances that is the same through- out—it is a homogeneous mixture.
Solution
Is the substance that is present in the greater amount and that dissolves another substance.
Solvent
Is a substance that dissolves in a solvent.
Solute
Is a compound that releases a proton—a hydrogen ion (H + )—when it dissolves in water.
Acid
Are compounds that remove H + ions from a solution.
Bases
What is ph?
Power Hydrogen.
For what is the ph scale?
To measure how much acidic or basic a subtance is in relation with its concentration of protons or positive hydrogen ions in the subtance.
In the ph scale from where to where is more acidic and more basic and where is neutral?
To the left more acidic so are the numbers 6-1 and to the right more basic 8-14 and in the middle 7 neutral.
Each subunit in the complete molecule.
Monomer
Is a large molecule, or macromolecule, made of many monomers bonded together.
Polymer
Are molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they include sugars and starches.
Carbohydrates
Are nonpolar molecules that includes fats, oils, and cholesterol.
Lipids
Are chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms.
Fatty acids
Is a polymer made of monomers called amino acids.
Proteins
Are molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur.
Amino acids
Are polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotides.
Nucleic acids
What gives to water its ability to stick to other things?
Its adhesion.
What makes water molecules stick to each other?
Its cohesion.
Tha amount of solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent is?
A solution’s concentration.
How is carbon often called?
The building block of life.
Carbon based molecules have three fundamental structures?
Straight chains, branched chains, and rings.
From what types of carbon-based molecules are made all organism:
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
With what figure glucose is show?
Hexagon.
Of what consist a phospolid?
A polar head made of a phosphate group, and glycerol and two fatty acids as tails.
From what is conform the animo acids?
A hydrogen atom, an animo group, a carboxyl group, and different side groups.
What do Hooke do and in what age?
He was the first to identify cells, and he named them. In 1665.
What do Leeuwenhoek doe and when?
He observed cells in greater details. 1674
What do Schleiden do and when?
The first to note that plants are made of cells. 1838
Schwann
Conclude that all living things are made of cell. 1839
Virchow
Proposed that all cells come from other cells. 1855
What differences are between an eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell?
The eukaryotic cell have a nucleus and the prokaryotic cell no so it have its DNA in its citoplasm.
What theory is say of the eukaryotic cells?
That they come from the prokaryotic cells.
