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Biology > October Review > Flashcards

October Review Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Across the biosphere, the variety of
life is called?

A

Biological diversity, or biodiversity.

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2
Q

A particular type of living things that can reproduce by interbreeding among themselves.

A

Species

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3
Q

The scientific study of all forms of life, or all types of organisms.

A

Biology

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4
Q

And individual living thing.

A

Organism.

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5
Q

The basic unit of life.

A

Cell

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6
Q

All of the chemical processes that build up or break down materials.

A

Metabolism

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7
Q

The genetic material.

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA.

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8
Q

All living things and all the places that are found on Earth.

A

Biosphere

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9
Q

An organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole.

A

System

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10
Q

Is a physical environment with different species that interact with one another and with nonliving things.

A

Ecosystem

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11
Q

Is the maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism.

A

Homeostasis

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12
Q

Is the change in living things over time.

A

Evolution

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13
Q

An inherited trait that gives an advantage to individual organisms and is passed on to future generations is an?

A

Adaptation

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14
Q

Includes using our senses to study the world, but it may also involve other tools.

A

Observation

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15
Q

Observations can also be recorded as?

A

Data

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16
Q

Is a proposed answer for a scientific question.

A

Hypothesis

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17
Q

Allow scientists to test hypotheses and find out how something happens.

A

Experiments

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18
Q

Is a condition that is manipulated, or changed, by a scientist.

A

Indelendent variable

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19
Q

Are observed and measured during an experiment; they are the experimental data.

A

Dependent variable

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20
Q

The conditions that do not change during an experiment are called?

A

Constants

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21
Q

Is a proposed explanation for a wide range of observations and experimental results that is supported by a wide range of evidence.

A

Theory

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22
Q

The samllest basic unit of matter.

A

Atom

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23
Q

Is one particular type of atom, and it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means.

A

Element

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24
Q

Ia a substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio.

A

Compound

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25
Q

How an ionic bond is formed?

A

Forms through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions.

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26
Q

When two ions of different charges become close to the other and they are bonded together because of their charges.

A

Ionic bond

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27
Q

What name receives the compound of two ions through and ionic bond?

A

Ionic compound

28
Q

Is an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons.

A

Ion

29
Q

When a covalent bond is formed?

A

When two atoms are sharing a pair of electrons.

30
Q

Two or more atoms holded together by covalent bonds.

A

Molecules.

31
Q

Is an attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen ion and a slightly negative atom.

A

Hydrogen bond

32
Q

The attraction among molecules of a subtance.

A

Cohesion

33
Q

The attraction among molecules of different subtances.

A

Adhesion

34
Q

Is a mixture of substances that is the same through- out—it is a homogeneous mixture.

A

Solution

35
Q

Is the substance that is present in the greater amount and that dissolves another substance.

A

Solvent

36
Q

Is a substance that dissolves in a solvent.

A

Solute

37
Q

Is a compound that releases a proton—a hydrogen ion (H + )—when it dissolves in water.

A

Acid

38
Q

Are compounds that remove H + ions from a solution.

A

Bases

39
Q

What is ph?

A

Power Hydrogen.

40
Q

For what is the ph scale?

A

To measure how much acidic or basic a subtance is in relation with its concentration of protons or positive hydrogen ions in the subtance.

41
Q

In the ph scale from where to where is more acidic and more basic and where is neutral?

A

To the left more acidic so are the numbers 6-1 and to the right more basic 8-14 and in the middle 7 neutral.

42
Q

Each subunit in the complete molecule.

A

Monomer

43
Q

Is a large molecule, or macromolecule, made of many monomers bonded together.

A

Polymer

44
Q

Are molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they include sugars and starches.

A

Carbohydrates

45
Q

Are nonpolar molecules that includes fats, oils, and cholesterol.

A

Lipids

46
Q

Are chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms.

A

Fatty acids

47
Q

Is a polymer made of monomers called amino acids.

A

Proteins

48
Q

Are molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur.

A

Amino acids

49
Q

Are polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotides.

A

Nucleic acids

50
Q

What gives to water its ability to stick to other things?

A

Its adhesion.

51
Q

What makes water molecules stick to each other?

A

Its cohesion.

52
Q

Tha amount of solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent is?

A

A solution’s concentration.

53
Q

How is carbon often called?

A

The building block of life.

54
Q

Carbon based molecules have three fundamental structures?

A

Straight chains, branched chains, and rings.

55
Q

From what types of carbon-based molecules are made all organism:

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

56
Q

With what figure glucose is show?

A

Hexagon.

57
Q

Of what consist a phospolid?

A

A polar head made of a phosphate group, and glycerol and two fatty acids as tails.

58
Q

From what is conform the animo acids?

A

A hydrogen atom, an animo group, a carboxyl group, and different side groups.

59
Q

What do Hooke do and in what age?

A

He was the first to identify cells, and he named them. In 1665.

60
Q

What do Leeuwenhoek doe and when?

A

He observed cells in greater details. 1674

61
Q

What do Schleiden do and when?

A

The first to note that plants are made of cells. 1838

62
Q

Schwann

A

Conclude that all living things are made of cell. 1839

63
Q

Virchow

A

Proposed that all cells come from other cells. 1855

64
Q

What differences are between an eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell?

A

The eukaryotic cell have a nucleus and the prokaryotic cell no so it have its DNA in its citoplasm.

65
Q

What theory is say of the eukaryotic cells?

A

That they come from the prokaryotic cells.

Biology (14 decks)

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