October 29-Nov 2 Flashcards
binomial expansion
hardy weinberg formula-(p+q)^2=p^2+2pq+q^2
Conditions of Hardy Weinberg
no natural selection isolation no mutations random mating large population size
microevolution
is at or below species level use if: natural selection immigration mutations sexual selection small population size
macroevolution
is at higher levels
microevolution causes
allele frequencies to change gene flow new alleles emerge reproductive success? bottle neck effect, flounder effect, genetic drift
Modes of natural selection
directional selection
diversifying selection
stabilizing selection
natural selection
can only modify pre-existing structures(eyes)
may be neutral variation(fingerprints)
acts through selection of the indivudual organism (compromise) not each gene separately.
favors the fittest not the best
may be rapid or slow
may be non adaptive (sexual selection)
Abiotic synthesis of organic molecules
One step of abiotic evolution. Making something living out of rocks. Alexander oparin and jbs haldane, tested by Stanley miller and Harold urey
Condensation of monomers into polymers
Step of abiotic evolution. Theory of Anaximander and jbs haldane tested by Sidney fox
Aggregation and cooperation of macromolecules
Step of abiotic evolution. Theory of Alexander oparin
Abiotic replication of nucleic acid (RNA) copy
Step of abiotic evolution. Tested by Thomas Cech. RNA splices itself
Compartmentalization and internal environment
Step of abiotic evolution. Tested by Sidney fox. Protenoids drive life like activities
Protein synthesis from RNA
Step of abiotic evolution
Binary fission
Is not mitosis. Bacteria and archaea do not have a spindle apparatus, therefore cannot perform mitosis.
