Oct 15 - Emotions and social life

Question 1

Competing theories of facial expressions in the 1960s:

_______ ________: facial expressions are culturally learned, similar to language and gestures (proposed by ________ ____)

______ __________: facial expressions are innate responses (proposed by ________ _______)

Answer 1

Competing theories of facial expressions in the 1960s:

Social learning: facial expressions are culturally learned, similar to language and gestures (Margaret Mead)

Evolved adaptations: facial expressions are innate responses (Charles Darwin)

Question 2

Emotions revealed - “KQED QUEST” (youtube video)

1. _______ are not universal across cultures
2. Human _______ is the closest thing we have to a universal language
3. All ppl have the ability to______ _______ in the same way.
4. ______ studied a secluded village in New Guinea
5. Ekman’s research supported Darwin’s view that emotions are ________.
6. There are 6 universal emotions: ___, ____, _______, _____, ______, _______ (“Jesus Feared he had a Disgusting ASS” [________ was later added])
7. Motsomoto studied _____ ________
8. Each emotion serves a specific evolutionary _______

Answer 2

Emotions revealed - “KQED QUEST” (youtube video)

1. Gestures are not universal across cultures
2. Human emotion is the closest thing we have to a universal language
3. All ppl have the ability to express emotions in the same way.
4. Ekman studied a secluded village in New Guinea
5. Ekman’s research supported Darwin’s view that emotions are universal.
6. There are 6 universal emotions: joy, anger, sadness, surprise, fear and disgust (contempt was later added)
7. Motsomoto studied blind athletes
8. Each emotion serves a specific evolutionary purpose

Question 3

Ekman’s early work in New Guinea:

1. ____ ______: minimal contact with other cultures
2. Subjects matched ___________ facial expressions to _____
3. Later: subjects _________ facial expressions for ______

Answer 3

Ekman’s early work in New Guinea:

1. Fore culture: minimal contact with other cultures
2. Subjects match photographed facial expressions to stories
3. Later: subjects generated facial expressions for stories

Question 4

Ekman’s theory of “basic” emotions:

To Ekman, “basic” means
• _______ categories
• evolved for fundamental ____ _____
• (maybe) building blocks of _______ emotions

Answer 4

Ekman’s theory of “basic” emotions:

To Ekman, “basic” means
• discrete categories
• evolved for fundamental life tasks
• (maybe) building blocks of complex emotions

Question 5

Ekman’s theory:

an emotion is a coherent, _____-______ response

________ event –> ________ appraisal –> Distinctive: p_________, c________, s________ e_________ & s_____ (simultaneously)

Answer 5

Ekman’s theory:

an emotion is a coherent, multi-system response

Antecedent event –> Automatic appraisal –> Distinctive: physiology, cognition, subjective experience & signal (simultaneously)

Question 6

Methodological criticisms of facial-expresion recognition studies:

• _______-______ response format
• ______-subjects design
• __________ facial expressions

• Faces presented without _______

Answer 6

Methodological criticisms of facial-expresion recognition studies:

• Forced-choice response format
• Within-subjects design
• Preselected facial expressions

• Faces presented without context

Question 7

An alternative to Ekman:

Russell, Feldman Barrett

What we call the “emotion” is just a ____\_ that people apply to a set of ________ responses

response systems: p___________, c_______, s________ e__________ & e__________ [simultaneously] –> e______

Answer 7

An alternative to Ekman:

Russell, Feldman Barrett

What we call the “emotion” is just a label that people apply to a set of separate responses

response systems: physiological, cognitive, subjective experiences & Expressions [simultaneously] –> emotion

Question 8

(emotions) Inevitable or controllable?

• Research on microexpressions and deception suggests we have ______, ________ control

Answer 8

(emotions) Inevitable or controllable?
* Research on microexpressions and deception suggests we have partial, imperfect control

Question 9

Display rules:

Display rules are rules governing what ________ can and cannot be expressed and _____ ____ ___________

Answer 9

Display rules:

Display rules are rules governing what emotions can and cannot be expressed and under what circumstances