Ocs 10-11 Flashcards
What was daily life like in 1865?
No indoor and electric lighting
Worked from the rising to the setting of the sun
Communications like mail were very slow
How was the daily life transformed by the 1900s?
Growth in ideas and inventions
Investors and business leaders invested in inventions
US became envied by the rest of the world for industrial productivity and standard of living
What did Thomas Edison do?
Invented the light bulb to replace oil lamps
How did electricity change daily work life?
Many factories now used electricity
What is a robber baron?
Business leaders who built their fortune by stealing front he public
What were some things that robber barons did?
Drained the country of its natural resources, corrupted public officials to interpret laws in their favor, drove competition to ruins, paid meager wages, forcing workers to work in dangerous and unhealthy conditions.
How did the transcontinental railroad get built?
The government funded it by giving money to the Union Pacific to build the railroad towards the west and the Central Pacific to build the railroad East.
Who completed the transcontinental railroad?
Leland Stanford
What made steel more affordable?
Henry Bessemer’s new process for making steel
Who was Andrew Carnegie?
A man who started of very poor and then made millions in the steel business
What is social Darwinism?
It’s is applying survival of the fittest to humans. Or think your race is superior to others
What groups were apart of social Darwinism?
Poor, blacks, women, certain religions, and immigrants
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act and was it enforced?
Aimed to combat restraint of trade or commerce caused by trusts, ineffective because it was not enforced
What was Rockefeller’s industry?
Oil
What was Vanderbilt’s industry?
Railroads
What were some negative effects of industrialization?
Rich became richer
Struggle for a decent standard of living
Complaints are amen directly to the employers
What is socialism?
An economic and social philosophy that advocates collective or government ownership of factories and property
How did employers feel about unions?
They disliked and feared them
What did employers do to try to stop the unions?
Forbidding Union meetings
Firing union organizers
Forced employees to sign a yellow dog contract that exacted a promise never join a union or strike
What were the Knights of labor and who were included?
An organization meant to protect its workers from employer retaliation
EVERYONE WAS INCLUDED even blacks and women
What did the Knights of labor want?
Laws to protect workers safety and well being
What was the American Federation of Labor and who was apart of it?
Group that wanted to protect better wages, hours, and working conditions, as well as collective bargaining. Samuel Gompers and skilled craftsman only.
What is the Haymarket?
A strike that Occurred in response to Chicago police killing and wounding several workers the day before
What is the Homestead?
A strike where steel workers were locked out of the mill for not accepting new work production demands - Carnegie steel company
What is the Pullman?
A railroad strike because Pullman cut wages by 40% - made unions viewed poorly
