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Geography > Ocean Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ocean Ecosystems Flashcards

1
Q

What is a producer?

A

A organism which can make their own energy from carbon dioxide using sunlight for energy through a process called photosynthesis ( plants).

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2
Q

What is a primary consumer?

A

Organisms which eat producers ( herbivores)

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3
Q

What is a secondary consumer?

A

An organism which eats primary consumers ( omnivores)

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4
Q

What is a tertiary consumer?

A

An organism which eats secondary consumers ( carnivores)

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5
Q

What is energy used for?

A 
Movement
Growth
Respiration
Excretion
Nutrition
Digestion
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6
Q

What are 4 challenges that organisms face in the sea?

A

1) lack of food or water
2) plastic pollution
3) high pressure
4) defend themselves from their predators.

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7
Q

What is the light like in the sunlight zone?

A

Quite bright

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8
Q

How deep is the sunlight zone?

A

200m

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9
Q

What is the temperature like in the sunlight layer?

A

Warmest layer

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10
Q

What creature live in the sunlight zone?

A

Plankton, jelly fish, sharks, turtles

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11
Q

What is the pressure like in the sunlight zone?

A

Low pressure

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12
Q

Extra fact on the sunlight layer

A

Photosynthesis happens here which in turn produces 50% of the oxygen

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13
Q

What’s the light like in the twilight zone?

A

Some sunlight

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14
Q

What is the depth of the twilight zone?

A

1000m

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15
Q

What is the temperature like in the twilight zone?

A

Chilly

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16
Q

What creature live in the twilight zone?

A

Lantern fish, barbled dragon fish

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17
Q

What is the pressure like in the twilight zone?

A

Pressure is ok but starting to get higher

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18
Q

Extra fact about the twilight zone.

A

Some species use bioluminescence to communicate.

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19
Q

What is the light like in the midnight zone?

A

No sunlight

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20
Q

How deep is the midnight zone?

A

4000m

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21
Q

How cold is the midnight zone?

A

Quite cold 4 degrees on average

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22
Q

What creatures live in the midnight zone?

A

Gulper eels, dumbo octopus

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23
Q

What is the pressure like in the midnight zone?

A

Quite high pressure

24
Q

Extra fact on the midnight layer

A

Bioluminescent animals make their own light

25
Q

What is the light like in the abyssal zone?

A

No sunlight

26
Q

How deep is the abyssal zone?

A

6000m

27
Q

How cold is the abyssal layer?

A

Near freezing temperatures

28
Q

What creatures live in the abyssal layer?

A

Fangtooth, sea corals

29
Q

What is the pressure like in he abyssal zone?

A

Super high pressure

30
Q

Extra fact on the abyssal layer…

A

Very scarce of food

31
Q

What is the light like in the hadal zone?

A

Completely dark

32
Q

How deep is the hadal zone?

A

11000m

33
Q

What is the temperature like in the hadal zone?

A

Extremely cold

34
Q

What creatures live in the hadal zone?

A

Tube worms, sea cucumber, snail fish

35
Q

What is the pressure like in the hadal zone?

A

The pressure is so intense it is like 48 aeroplanes on top of you

36
Q

Extra fact on the hadal zone

A

Mount Everest would be completely submerged if placed here

37
Q

How much energy does a producer receive?

Answer as a percentage

A

100%

38
Q

How much energy does a primary consumer receive?

Answer as a percentage

A

10%

39
Q

How much energy does a secondary consumer receive?

Answer as a percentage

A

1%

40
Q

How much energy does a tertiary consumer receive?

Answer as a percentage

A

0.1%

41
Q

How much energy does an apex predator receive?

Answer as a percentage

A

0.01%

42
Q

What is the role of sunlight in the food web?

A

Producer

43
Q

What role does plankton have in the food web?

A

Producer

44
Q

What role does krill have in the food web?

A

Primary consumer

45
Q

What role does mackerel have in the food web?

A

Secondary consumer

46
Q

What role does tuna have in the food web?

A

Tertiary consumer

47
Q

What role does a large shark have in the food web?

A

Apex predator

48
Q

What do the arrows show in a food chain?

A

They show the transfer of energy between the organisms

49
Q

Name one adaptation that the blobfish has…

A

Lots of fluid between its skin and muscle

…this means that it is buoyant

50
Q

Is coral and animal, plant or rock?

A

An animal

51
Q

Name 2 social benefits of coral.

A

1) coral skeletons are being used as bone skeletons in reconstructive bone surgery.
2) coral reefs have been used in cancer and Alzheimer’s treatments.

52
Q

Name 2 environmental benefits of coral.

A

1) coral reefs cover less than 1% of the earths surface however are home to 25% of the worlds marine population.
2) corals move and recycle carbon dioxide. Excessive amounts of this gas contribute to global warming.

53
Q

Name 2 economic benefits of coral.

A

1) it is estimated that coral reefs provide $375 billion per year around the world in goods and services. Eg reefs provide resources for fisheries.
2) the tourist industry relies heavily on the coral reefs, without them many people would not have a job.

54
Q

What does presssure mean?

A

continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it.

55
Q

What is a trade route?

A

a long-distance route along which commercial goods are transported

56
Q

Name 2 examples of ambush predators.

A

Starfish

Spiders

57
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

community or group of living organisms that live in and interact with each other in a specific environment.

Geography (9 decks)

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