OCD PART 2

Question 1

Biological treatment

Answer 1

TRICYCLICS

increase dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline levels

Rapoport - useful but then relapsed

SSRI’s
- increase serotonin by blocking presynaptic transporter molecules
-synaptic serotonin immediately increase but effects might take some time to feel
-AUGMENTED WITH
- atypical antipsychotics - risperidone
- serotonin antagonists - 100 % success rate - 90% symptom free

Evaluation:

+ supported by research evidence
-ssris better that placebo

+

• withdrawal symptomsand side effects - diarrhea nausea vomiting
• risk to relapse
  -60% report no improvement

Question 2

Psychological Treatment

Answer 2

Lehmkuhl - Exposure and Response Prevention
-12 year old boy
-had autism and ocd
-50 min sessions over 16 weeks

• type of cbt
  1. people identify obsessional thoughts that cue these compulsions
  2. people identify environmental cues that trigger these thoughts
  3. Using SUDS, triggering events are arranged in a hierarchy - least to most triggering - start dealing iwth hte firtst

4. exposure - works if done enough to habituate to the stimulus

Lovell - cognitive treatment

compared effectiveness of face to face treatment of CBT and on the phone treatment

• 72 outpatients took part
  -10 weeks - weekly sessions
  -in person: 1 h, on phone - 30 minutes
  -for teleohone group only the first and last session was held in person