OCD, anxiety, and depression, eating disorders

Question 1

OCD

Answer 1

obsessions, compulsions

Question 2

biopsychosocial model for OCD

Answer 2

biological (genetics, brain circuits, inappropriate levels of serotonin, suppressed dopamine, high glutamate), psychological (learned behavior, intrusive thought, thought suppression, perfectionism, bias, doubt), social (abuse, stress, trauma, occurs globally, culture may influence content)

Question 3

treatment for OCD

Answer 3

exposure and response prevention

Question 4

sadness vs. depression

Answer 4

sadness is a response to a specific event, depression is a long reaction and more in depth, many symptoms

Question 5

Beck’s theory

Answer 5

thinking precedes and causes depression and thoughts are rigid - a triad of thoughts of the self, world, and future

Question 6

treatment for depression

Answer 6

medication, therapy, ECT, TMS

Question 7

sadness is good bc

Answer 7

others can know you are sad and you need sadness to be happy

Question 8

major depressive disorder

Answer 8

low mood or loss of interest in usual activities nearly every day for at least two weeks, weight change, sleep change, worthlessness, agitation, fatigue, trouble concentrating, indecisiveness, suicidal

Question 9

persistent depressive disorder

Answer 9

depressed mood for more days than not for 2 years, change in appetite, sleep change, fatigue, self esteem is low, trouble concentrating, hopelessness, no manic or hypomanic episodes

Question 10

cyclothymic disorder

Answer 10

a mix of mania and depression but the peaks and valleys are not as severe

Question 11

bipolar 1

Answer 11

high peak and deep depression, suicidal ideation, coming back up is harder - manic episode, no need for depressive

Question 12

bipolar 2

Answer 12

start more in the middle, might skew more depressive and more anxious than manic and highs might be lower, a lot less severe, requires depressive - hypomanic episode and depressive episode

Question 13

hypomania

Answer 13

lasts four days or less

Question 14

mania

Answer 14

lasts a week, feeling great and grandiosity, hallucinations

Question 15

treatment for bipolar

Answer 15

acute stabilization, hospitalization, TMS, ECT, medication, therapy, family therapy

Question 16

biopsychosocial model for bipolar

Answer 16

biological (genetics, neurotransmitters, ions, hormones, neurotomical, biological rhythm, neurodevelopmental), psychological (personality and cognitive styles), social (sleep, stress, depression, diathesis stress model)

Question 17

biological model for suicide

Answer 17

genetic risk, low serotonin, abnormalities to the HPA axis, higher corticotropin releasing hormone, adrenal gland, inflammation in brain

Question 18

psychological model of suicide

Answer 18

mood disorders, anxiety, substance abuse, psychosis

Question 19

social factors of suicide

Answer 19

stressors, access to a gun, combat, returning to civilian life, low social support, abuse

Question 20

challenges with suicide assessment

Answer 20

patient might not want to be honest, stigma, longer interview, change in the moment but most people look at rapid changing

Question 21

novel ways to assess suicidal patients

Answer 21

electronic medical records, self report, clinician data, machine learning, substance abuse, alcohol abuse, anxiety

Question 22

treatment for suicide

Answer 22

inpatient hospitalization, medications, ECT and TMS, ketamine, CBT, DBT

Question 23

bullimia nervosa

Answer 23

recurrent binge eating, discrete time period, loss of control - at least once a week for three months, self induced vomiting or diuretics

Question 24

binge eating disorder

Answer 24

recurrent binge eating, eating until uncomfortably full, eating alone, feeling depressed or guilt, once a week for at least three months, no purging

Question 25

biopsychosocial model for eating disorders

Answer 25

biological (genetics, neurocircuitry, early menstruation, childhood obesity), psychological (low self esteem, depression, negative urgency), sociocultural (thin ideal, abuse, teasing, comments about weight)

Question 26

Ansel Keys study

Answer 26

recruited healthy men with no psychological disorder and put them on a semi starvation diet and found that they resembled symptoms of anorexia nervosa - behaviors of being underweight can exacerbate disordered thinking

Question 27

medical complications of eating disorders

Answer 27

brain and nerves, heart, hormones, hair, blood, muscles and joints, kidneys, body fluids, intestines, skin, dental erosion, lesions on one’s hand, electrolyte and thyroid function, diabetes, asthma, menstrual

Question 28

treatments for eating disorder

Answer 28

inpatient (monitor, regular meals, level system, therapy, medication), family therapy, CBT, therapy, medication

Question 29

ARFID

Answer 29

eating disturbance that results in the failure to meet nutritional and energy needs

Question 30

rumination disorder

Answer 30

regurgitation of food at least once a month

Question 31

PICA

Answer 31

eating nonnutritive substances over a period of at least a month