OCD Flashcards
Supportive study ocd
Nesdat et al found that first degree relatives had a 12% chance of being diagnosed themselves compared to a control group that had a 3% chance
Genetic explanation ocd AO3
:) supportive evidence
:( too many candidate genes
:( too reductionist
Diathesis stress model
Certain genes can leave people vulnerable to mental disorders although it’s not certain they will get one as they are triggered by environmental stress
COMT gene (genetic explanation of ocd)
Causes low levels of the enzyme that regulates the amount of dopamine in the brain. Low levels of enzyme = high levels of dopamine
SERT gene (bio explanations of ocd)
Creates protein used to recycle serotonin
When too much is created serotonin levels go down
Serotonin neural explanation of ocd
Regulates mood. Low levels means brain isn’t being sent right mood signals. Low levels are associated with anxiety, a common ocd symptom
Dopamine neural explanations of ocd
Maintains interest and motivation. Too much dopamine helps obsessions and compulsions form
How neurons signal each other
- Action potential travels along presynaptic neuron
- Triggers vesicles that bind to presynaptic membrane + release neurotransmitters
- Nts diffuse across the synapse and bind with the receptor molecules
- Binding stimulates second neuron to transmit electrical impulse
- Nts are released and reabsorbed
Characteristics of ocd
Emotional: anxiety, distress, shame, embarrassment
Cognitive: obsessive thoughts
Behavioural: compulsive behaviours, avoidance
SSRI’s
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Blocks re-absorption site and prevents serotonin being recycled
SNRI’s
Blocks transporter mechanism that reabsorbs serotonin and noradrenaline. Targets twice as many neurotransmitters but has greater side effects
