Occupation

Question 1

Swales

Answer 1

Coined the term ‘ discourse communities’ to describe groups of people with a common goal/ purpose who need language.

Question 2

Crystal

Answer 2

The use of jargon is part of an identity at work.

Question 3

Drew and Heritage

Answer 3

Jargon makes the workplace efficient. For example, kitchens are quick paced environments and so using jargon will help to ensure the job doesn’t fall behind.

Question 4

Herbert and Straight

Answer 4

Occupational language has inferential framework which is about how members have a shared way of communicating, thinking and behaving. In terms of language, this includes:
- Enforced turn taking
- Conversation which is goal-oriented
- Asymmetry
- Jargon

Question 5

Koester

Answer 5

A key part of workplace discourse is phatic communication - conversations can either be transactional or interactional.

Question 6

Hornyak

Answer 6

Workplace conversations are usually initiated by the person with the most power.

Question 7

Fairclough

Answer 7

Conversations at work are becoming more and more informal. This is called conversationalism.

Question 8

Sinclair and Coulthard

Answer 8

Teachers use the IRF structure in the classroom:
- Initiation - the teacher provokes an answer
- Response - the child responds
- Feedback - the teacher provides feedback