Occupation Flashcards
What year was the discourse community theory created?
2011
Who created the discourse community theory?
John Swales
What are the four things that define members as being part of a discourse community?
1- set of common goals.
2- communicate using at least one means or genre of communication.
3- use specific lexis.
4- required level of knowledge and expertise.
What function of speech might a Chef have?
Instruct/ give orders.
What functions of speech might a police officer have?
To challenge/ protect/ reassure.
Who coined the idea of an Occupational dialect?
David Crystal.
What happens to our occupational dialect when we leave the working environment?
We stop using it.
Why is having an occupational dialect beneficial in the workplace?
It allows work to be done quicker and more efficiently.
Is there any class distinctions within occupational dialect?
Not necessarily, often difference in dialect based on occupational role.
What is Jargon?
Subject specific lexis.
What is slang?
Type of language consisting of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal.
How many medical slang terms did Adam Fox find in British hospitals?
200.
When did Adam fox conduct his study in medical slang terms?
2002.
What does the medical slang ‘freudsquad’ mean?
The psychiatry department at the hospital.
What does the medical slang ‘shotgunning’ mean?
When a healthcare professional orders a wide variety of tests in the hope that one will show what’s wrong with a patient.
What is a negative of Jargon?
Could be seen as excluding.
What is a positive of Jargon?
Creates social cohesion.
How can accommodation theory be applied to occupational language?
A worker may upwards converge when talking to their boss.
How can face theory be applied to occupational language?
someone in a customer/ public facing role may need to focus on presenting their positive face to the public.
What is a linguistic ritual?
When certain terms and phrases are used unanimously within an industry.
What is LEET?
A sociolect used on Bulletin board system (BBS) which was a network system before the internet (1980s).
What is the word LEET an adaption of and who is it associated with?
‘Elite’ and is associated with computer experts , gamers or hackers.
What did LEET start out as?
A form of anti-language or covert prestige.
What are some common features of LEET?
Number or symbol substitution and shortened words.
Give 5 examples of LEET terminology?
M4d = mad, srry = sorry, j0 = hi, w00t = yay and ph4t = awesome.
What is the key difference between medical slang and jargon?
Slang is typically informal and easier to understand, however wouldn’t be found on formal documents or reports.
What is a pro of LEET speak?
can make people feel part of a community through the anti-language.
What is a con of LEET speak?
As it’s an anti- language it excludes non speakers and can be easily misunderstood.
What is a con of medical Jargon?
It is often hard to pronounce.
What are some key identifiers of medical slang?
It is shortened, often more light hearted, informal and spoken.
What are some key identifiers of medical jargon?
It is specific, formal, and written in official documents.
What are three examples of medical slang?
CTD- circling the drain {near end of life}
AHF- acute hissy fit {seizure}
CBT- chronic biscuit toxicities {overweight}
How can medical slang being excluding be seen as positive and negative?
Positive- can be for patients own good.
Negative- can feel almost bullying to patient.
Why are codes used in the workplace?
So others don’t know what is happening, safety and security.
What is a code blue in a hospital setting?
Means someone has coded and needs resuscitating.
What does ask Angela mean in a pub?
That the person is feeling unsafe.
What is Naval slang?
Language spoken by those in the navy.
Why is slang common in the Navy?
The navy is strict and suffocating so they may subconsciously use slang as a form of resistance to that.
Name 5 examples of naval slang?
Buzz- rumour
Crumb duster- steward
Crimp- sleep
Civvy- civilian
Belay- stop or cease
What is legalese?
Technical, formal legal lexis often only understood by those who have studied law.
What are some key features of Legalese?
Latin lexis, long complicated legal structures, archaic lexis and polysyllabic lexis.
What are 3 examples of legalese?
Actus reus-Latin for guilty act.
Acquittal- when a jury determines a criminal defendant is not guilty.
Beneficiary- someone we benefits financially from a trust/ will.
Does legalese have overt or covert prestige?
Overt
What factors may have lead to its continued use?
- necessary to sound smart and accurate to a hostile audience.
- insecure speaking normally may lessen intelligence.
Safety as a legal definition may be subtly different.
What is the plain English campaign ?
A campaign focusing on de codifying documents to make them accessible and readable to all.
When did the plain English campaign begin?
1979.
What is the crystal mark?
To sign that something is suitable to all to read.
What sort of documents do the plain English campaign de codify?
Health organisation paperwork, fire and police authorities and government information.
Who founded the plain English campaign?
Chrissie Maher OBE.
What did the MIT news article find about quality of documents?
That even lawyers could recall more of the plain English documents that legal documents and they thought the plain English documents were higher quality.
