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Restorative Dentistry > Occlusion 2 > Flashcards

Occlusion 2 Flashcards

1
Q

In what 2 stated can you exmaine the occlusion of a patient?

A
  • static
  • dynamic
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2
Q

When marking tooth contacts what should you use?

A

2 diff colours of articulating paper (one colour for static occlusion and one for dynaminc)

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3
Q

When should you mark tooth contacts?

A

Before:

  • Preparing a tooth
  • Removing a restoration

After:

  • Placement of a crown
  • Placement of a restoration
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4
Q

Why do you want to mark tooth contacts before preparing a tooth?

A
  • You want to look and see if your work will interfere with any occlusal contacts
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5
Q

In terms of changing occlusal contacts, you want to check them beforehand and then what would you decide?

A

If the occlusal scheme is good then would conform to this occlusion (try recreate it)

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6
Q

What can be assessed in the static occlusion?

A
  • Incisor Relationship
  • Molar relationship
  • Overjet/Overbite
  • Cross bites
  • Open bites
  • Individual tooth contacts
  • RCP – ICP slide (freedom in centric)
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7
Q

What is the definition of a functional cusp in ICP?

A

Cusps that occlude with the opposing teeth in the intercuspal position

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8
Q

What are the functional cusps in a dentition?

A
  • Are the palatal cusps of the upper posterior teeth and the buccal cusps of the lower posterior teeth
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9
Q

What is the definition of non-functional cusps in ICP?

A
  • Cusps that do not occlude with the opposing teeth in the intercuspal position
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10
Q

What cusps are non-functional cusps?

A
  • Are buccal cusps of the upper posterior teeth and the lingual cusps of the lower posterior teeth
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11
Q

The functional cusps of a tooth contacts with what part of the opposing tooth?

A

The fossa

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12
Q

What cusps contact what fossas in the ICP?

A
  • The lingual cusp of an upper molar contacts the fossa of a lower molar
  • The buccal cusp of a lower molar contacts the fossa of an upper molar
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13
Q

What action would you ask the patient to perform if trying to use articulating paper to mark tooth contacts in the ICP?

A

Tap the teeth together

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14
Q

What malocclusions might you see in the static occlusion?

A
  • Incisor relationships
    • Class I
    • Class II div 1
    • Class II div 2
    • Class III
  • Overbite
  • Overjet
  • Posterior/anterior crossbites
  • Anterior/posterio open bites
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15
Q

How big is an overbite normally?

A

2-4mm

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16
Q

Describe canine guidance.

A
  • When the mandible moves to the left (working side) there is only contact between the canines
  • There are NO posterior contacts (open space)
17
Q

Canine guidance gives what kind of occlusion?

A

A mutually protected occlusion (the gold standard)

18
Q

Why is mutually protected occlusion (canine guidance) preferable?

A
  • The roots on the canines are adapted for these types of movements
  • But the roots on molars aren’t developed for this so don’t want them experiencing lateral movements/forces
19
Q

Where is bilateral group function more commonly seen?

A

toothwear cases and is more common as patients age

20
Q

Describe the the occlusion/tooth contacts during protrusion.

A

(The condyle moves forwards and downwards on articular eminence)

  • Only incisors +/- canines touch
  • No posterior tooth contacts
21
Q

What is an occlusal interference?

A

undesirable tooth contacts that may produce mandibular deviation during closure to ICP or may hinder smooth passage to and from ICP

Note: . As soon as we deviate from canine guidance, we end up with these

22
Q
A
23
Q

What different occlusal interferences do you get?

A
  • Working side
  • Non-working side
  • Protrusive
24
Q

Describe a working side contact occlusal interference.

A

Will have the canine and a posterior tooth on the working side contacting

(if moving jaw to left the LHS is the working side)

Similar cusps contact

25
Q

What is a non-working side contact?

A

Undesireable contact during lateral movement on non-working side

Dissimilar cusps contact

26
Q

What is protrusive interference?

A

This is any posterior contact during protrusion.

27
Q

Why do we want to avoid posterior contacts?

A
  • Teeth are designed to absorb heavy forces in the direction of the long axis of the tooth
    • Won’t like it when lateral forces are applied
  • Most teeth are not designed to absorb significant lateral forces…………generated by occlusal interferences
  • Musculature gets a rest as less activity if not undesirable posterior contacts
    • If teeth were constantly contacting then it will cause muscle problems – tiredness etc.
  • Occlusal trauma and undesirable tooth movements
28
Q

What pathology regarding occlusion may be present?

A
  • bruxism
  • tooth wear
  • occlusal trauma
29
Q

What are the 2 types of bruxism you get?

A
  • essentric
  • centric
30
Q

What is essentric bruxism?

A
  • The parafunctional grinding of teeth
  • An oral habit consisting of involuntary rhythmic or spasmodic or functional gnashing, grinding or clenching of teeth in other than chewing movements of the mandible which may lead to occlusal trauma
  • Side to side movement
31
Q

What is centric bruxism?

A
  • Clenching
    • The pressing and clamping of the jaws and teeth together
    • Frequently associated with acute nervous tension or physical effort
32
Q

What are some clinical signs and symptoms of bruxism?

A
  • Toothwear
  • Fractured restorations
  • Tooth migration
  • Tooth mobility (Often in absence of periodontal disease)
  • Muscle pain and fatigue
  • Headache
  • Earache
  • Pain and stiffness in the TMJ and surrounding muscles
33
Q

What might tooth wear be due to?

A
  • Multifactorial (normally this)
  • Abrasion
  • Attrition
  • Erosion
  • Abfraction
34
Q

How is tooth wear classed?

A

mild/moderate/severe

35
Q

What is occlusal trauma?

A

Occlusal trauma is an injury resulting in tissue changes within the attachment apparatus, including periodontal ligament, supporting alveolar bone and cementum, as a result of occlusal force(s).

36
Q

What are the diff ways that occlusal trauma can be classed?

A
  • Primary
    • intact periodontium
  • Secondary
    • reduced periodontium
  • Fremitus
    • palpable or visible movement of a tooth when subjected to occlusal forces
37
Q

What is the checklist you should go through when examining occlusion?

A
  • Incisor relationship
  • Guidance
  • Overjet/overbite
  • ICP contacts
  • Working/non-working/protrusive contacts (in dynamic occlusion)
  • Pathology

Restorative Dentistry (5 decks)

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