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Prosthodontics > Occlusion > Flashcards

Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

define occlusion

A

the static relationship between the incising or masticating surfaces of the maxillary or mandibular teeth or tooth analogues

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2
Q

what is the intercuspal position?

A

the complete intercuspation of the opposing teeth independent of the condylar position
sometimes referred to as the best fit of the teeth regardless of the condylar position

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3
Q

name two factors which can change the ICP

A
  • extraction of teeth
    -restorations
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4
Q

what is the retruded contact position?

A

guided occlusal relationship occurring at the most retruded position of the condyles in the joint cavities

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5
Q

define index teeth

A

contacting facets of teeth in the intercuspal position

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6
Q

what is the most reproducible position?

A

the RCP

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7
Q

when is the RCP used instead of the ICP?

A

when there is not enough index teeth and there is an unstable occlusion

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8
Q

is it easier to change or conform to the existing occlusion?

A

conform to

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9
Q

when would you conform to the existing occlusion?

A
  • works best in stable occlusion with sufficient index teeth
  • usually use ICP
  • ensure the prosthesis doesn’t alter the occlusion
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10
Q

when would you change the existing occlusion?

A
  • often when the occlusion is unstable and there is a lack of sufficient index teeth
    -usually more challenging to record occlusion
    -often use RCP
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11
Q

how do we record occlusion?

A

using articulated study casts and an interocclusal record

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12
Q

give 3 examples of interocclusal records

A

-bite registration paste
- a wax wafer using modelling wax
- a modified wax wafer e.g. alminax

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13
Q

how do we record occlusion when there is a lack of index teeth?

A

record blocks

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14
Q

would the RCP always be used for edentulous patients?

A
  • exam answer yes
  • clinic answer no
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15
Q

how would you know that the OVD is not being changed at the jaw registration stage for partials?

A

the index teeth still bite together

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16
Q

why is it a good thing if you can see through the wax wafer after recording the occlusion?

A

thick wax would adjust the OVD

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17
Q

name 4 factors influencing the positions and movements of the mandible

A

-the muscles of mastication
-the neural feedback pathways
-the temporomandibular joints
- the shape of the occluding surfaces of the teeth

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18
Q

what is the envelope of motion?

A

a relatively small space in which the occlusion is achieved during normal functional mandibular movements such as swallowing and chewing

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19
Q

what are abnormal movements in the envelope of motion caused by?

A

derangement of the articular disc and muscle hypertrophy

20
Q

give 4 examples of parafunctional activity

A

-bruxism
-clenching
-jaw posturing
- lip/pencil biting

21
Q

give 4 consequences of parafunctional activity

A

-fractured cusps or restorations
-Increased tooth mobility
- muscle fatigue
-tooth wear

22
Q

what is Posselt’s envelope?

A

represents the movement of the tip of the lower incisor when viewed in sagittal or frontal plane

23
Q

what is the name given to the mandible intitally opening with a hinge movement about a horizontal axis

A

the retruded Aix/terminal hinge axis

24
Q

what is the most superior position of the condyles in their fossae?

A

the retruded position

25
Q

is the retruded position clinically reproducible in dentate or edentulous patients?

A

both

26
Q

how big is the discrepancy between the RCP and ICP?

A

up to 1mm

27
Q

how big should the freeway space be?

A

2-4mm

28
Q

what is the occlusal vertical dimension?

A

measurement of face height when the teeth are in the intercuspal position

29
Q

what determines the path of mandibular teeth moving from ICP to maximum protrusion?

A

the articulating surfaces of anterior teeth (anterior guidance)

30
Q

what determines the path of mandibular teeth moving from ICP to maximum protrusion in patients with anterior open bites or edge-to-edge incisor relationships?

A

the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth

31
Q

what determines the angle and length and movement of teeth from ICP to maximum protrusion

A

the incisor relationship

32
Q

describe the movement from ICP to maximum protrusion in patients who are class II division 2

A

the movement is almost vertical as the lower incisors are locked palatal to the upper incisors and cannot slide forward

33
Q

what maintains ICP and directs occlusal forces axially?

A
  • palatal cusps of maxillary teeth
  • buccal cusps of mandibular teeth
    (supporting cusps)
34
Q

what do supporting cusps contact?

A

inclined planes of opposing dentition
or
cusp tips contact the opposing fossae

35
Q

during lateral excursions, what is the working side and what is the non-working side?

A

WS- the side to which the mandible moves
NWS- the opposite side

36
Q

what is the difference between canine guidance and group function?

A

CG- during lateral excursion, only the canines on the working side contact
GF- during lateral excursion, two or more pairs of teeth contact on the working side

37
Q

describe how the mandible moves from RCP to maximum opening

A

-rotates around the THA in an arc of a circle to the point Y
- the condyles translate/slide downwards and forwards along the articulator eminencies of the glenoid fosse to the point of maximum opening

38
Q

what is the Bennett movement?

A

condylar movements on the working side in the horizontal plane

39
Q

what is the Bennett angle?

A

the angle between the non-working side and the sagittal plane during lateral excursion of the mandible

40
Q

how big is the Bennett angle on average?

A

16o
ranges from 2-44

41
Q

how do you locate the RCP?

A
  • pt in supine position with chin pointed upwards
  • stand behind pt and place thumbs on chin and fingers on lower border of mandible
    -use gentle manipulation to move the pt into RCP
42
Q

name 4 types of articulator

A

-simple hinge
- average value
- semi-adjustable
- fully adjustable

43
Q

what movements does a simple hinge articulator allow?

A

rotational movements only
around horizontal axis

44
Q

what movements does an average value articulator allow?

A

a limited range of protrusive and lateral movements based through a fixed condylar guidance mechanism

45
Q

what are the two types of semi-adjustable articulator?

A

-arcon
-non-arcon

46
Q
A

Prosthodontics (8 decks)

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