OCC risk factors

Question 1

What are occupational risk factors?

Answer 1

Factors that affect individuals’ ability to engage in meaningful occupations and can lead to occupational injustice.

Question 2

What is occupational justice?

Answer 2

A term emphasizing rights, responsibilities, and liberties that enable individuals to experience health and quality of life through engagement in occupations.

Question 3

List the four cases of occupational injustice.

Answer 3

• Occupational alienation
• Occupational deprivation
• Occupational imbalance
• Occupational marginalization

Question 4

What are the four occupational rights?

Answer 4

• Meaning
• Participation
• Choice
• Balance

Question 5

True or False: Occupational therapists should focus solely on occupational injustice.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Define occupational deprivation.

Answer 6

Individuals being denied the opportunity and resources to participate in occupations.

Question 7

Define occupational alienation.

Answer 7

People are required to participate in occupations they find meaningless with little recognition or reward.

Question 8

Define occupational marginalization.

Answer 8

When individuals lack the power to exercise occupational choice as can occur when persons are stigmatized by illness or disability.

Question 9

Define occupational imbalance.

Answer 9

When an individual is underemployed or unemployed and has too little to do.

Question 10

What is the role of occupational therapists in promoting occupational justice?

Answer 10

Identify and respond to occupational injustices while promoting occupational justice.

Question 11

What are the social determinants of health in South Africa?

Answer 11

• Socioeconomic status
• Education
• Neighborhood and physical environment
• Employment
• Social support networks
• Access to health care

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Occupational therapists need to adjust the way they view issues that prevent a client’s occupational _______.

Answer 12

[engagement]

Question 13

What is the Ottawa Charter?

Answer 13

An international policy aimed at ensuring health for all by 2000 and beyond.

Question 14

List the five action areas/principles of the Ottawa Charter.

Answer 14

• Building healthy public policy
• Creating supportive environments
• Strengthening community action
• Developing personal skills
• Reorienting health services

Question 15

What are the prerequisites for health according to the Ottawa Charter?

Answer 15

• Education
• Food and food security
• Peace
• Shelter and housing
• Income
• Access to sustainable resources
• Social justice and equity

Question 16

True or False: Inclusion means making it possible to be there but not having equal access.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What does enabling mean in the context of occupational therapy?

Answer 17

Taking action in partnership with individuals or groups to empower them through mobilization of resources.

Question 18

What is the significance of structural and contextual factors in occupational justice?

Answer 18

Structural factors influence occupational justice outcomes, while contextual factors affect individual rights and opportunities.

Question 19

What is the link between health and occupational health in the South African context?

Answer 19

Health is influenced by social determinants, which include occupational risk factors that affect individual and community well-being.

Question 20

Provide an example of an occupational risk factor in South Africa.

Answer 20

Poor transportation infrastructure limiting access to jobs, healthcare, or recreational activities.

Question 21

What should occupational therapists promote to address occupational risk factors?

Answer 21

Occupational justice and awareness among individuals and communities.

Question 22

What are the implications for occupational therapists regarding occupational injustices?

Answer 22

They need to identify environmental and systemic barriers preventing client engagement in occupations.

Question 23

List three groups that have access to free health care in South Africa.

Answer 23

• Pregnant women
• Children under the age of 6

Question 24

What is the primary goal of health promotion?

Answer 24

To reduce differences in health status and ensure equal opportunities and resources for individuals to achieve their fullest health potential.

This includes a supportive environment, access to information, and opportunities for healthy choices.

Question 25

True or False: Health is solely a health sector issue.

Answer 25

False. ## Footnote Health promotion requires coordinated action from various sectors, including governments, NGOs, and the media.

Question 26

What are the five actions/principles of health promotion?

Answer 26

1. Build Healthy Public Policy 2. Create Supportive Environments 3. Strengthen Community Actions 4. Develop Personal Skills 5. Reorient Health Services ## Footnote Each principle addresses different aspects of health promotion.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: Health promotion goes beyond ______.

Answer 27

health care. ## Footnote It includes policy-making and societal changes that affect health.

Question 28

What is meant by 'Creating Supportive Environments' in health promotion?

Answer 28

Generating living and working conditions that are safe, stimulating, satisfying, and enjoyable. ## Footnote This principle emphasizes the role of societal organization in promoting health.

Question 29

What does 'Strengthening Community Actions' entail?

Answer 29

Empowerment of communities, enhancing self-help and social support, and developing systems for public participation in health matters. ## Footnote It aims to increase community ownership and control over health initiatives.

Question 30

What is the focus of 'Developing Personal Skills'?

Answer 30

Providing information, education for health, and enhancing life skills. ## Footnote This principle helps individuals gain control over their health and environments.

Question 31

What does 'Reorient Health Services' suggest?

Answer 31

Health services should be sensitive to cultural needs and support healthier lives for individuals and communities. ## Footnote It involves opening channels between health and broader social components.

Question 32

What are some outcomes of the Rooftop Gardens initiative?

Answer 32

1. Food security 2. Increased health through exposure to healthier alternatives 3. Job opportunities 4. Exposure to a different environment ## Footnote Gardening helps alleviate occupational deprivation.

Question 33

How does gardening relate to occupational therapy (OT) programmes?

Answer 33

Gardening can be used in intervention plans as it is meaningful to individuals. ## Footnote It supports community engagement and personal skill development.

Question 34

What action areas are addressed in the Muizenberg video?

Answer 34

1. Creating supportive environments 2. Developing personal skills 3. Strengthening community ## Footnote Surfing programs provide healthy alternatives and role models for children.

Question 35

What contextual factors does the Muizenberg program address?

Answer 35

1. Exposure to drug use 2. Gang influences 3. Educational motivation ## Footnote The program offers healthier alternatives and discourages negative influences.

Question 36

Define 'Occupational marginalization'.

Answer 36

When individuals are exposed to limited choices due to societal influences, such as drug use and gang activity. ## Footnote This limits their ability to engage in meaningful occupations.

Question 37

What is 'Occupational deprivation'?

Answer 37

A condition where individuals are deprived of meaningful occupations due to systemic issues like poverty. ## Footnote Programs aim to expose individuals to meaningful occupations that can enhance their lives.