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OCC risk factors Flashcards

1
Q

What are occupational risk factors?

A

Factors that affect individuals’ ability to engage in meaningful occupations and can lead to occupational injustice.

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2
Q

What is occupational justice?

A

A term emphasizing rights, responsibilities, and liberties that enable individuals to experience health and quality of life through engagement in occupations.

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3
Q

List the four cases of occupational injustice.

A
  • Occupational alienation
  • Occupational deprivation
  • Occupational imbalance
  • Occupational marginalization
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4
Q

What are the four occupational rights?

A
  • Meaning
  • Participation
  • Choice
  • Balance
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5
Q

True or False: Occupational therapists should focus solely on occupational injustice.

A

False

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6
Q

Define occupational deprivation.

A

Individuals being denied the opportunity and resources to participate in occupations.

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7
Q

Define occupational alienation.

A

People are required to participate in occupations they find meaningless with little recognition or reward.

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8
Q

Define occupational marginalization.

A

When individuals lack the power to exercise occupational choice as can occur when persons are stigmatized by illness or disability.

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9
Q

Define occupational imbalance.

A

When an individual is underemployed or unemployed and has too little to do.

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10
Q

What is the role of occupational therapists in promoting occupational justice?

A

Identify and respond to occupational injustices while promoting occupational justice.

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11
Q

What are the social determinants of health in South Africa?

A
  • Socioeconomic status
  • Education
  • Neighborhood and physical environment
  • Employment
  • Social support networks
  • Access to health care
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12
Q

Fill in the blank: Occupational therapists need to adjust the way they view issues that prevent a client’s occupational _______.

A

[engagement]

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13
Q

What is the Ottawa Charter?

A

An international policy aimed at ensuring health for all by 2000 and beyond.

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14
Q

List the five action areas/principles of the Ottawa Charter.

A
  • Building healthy public policy
  • Creating supportive environments
  • Strengthening community action
  • Developing personal skills
  • Reorienting health services
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15
Q

What are the prerequisites for health according to the Ottawa Charter?

A
  • Education
  • Food and food security
  • Peace
  • Shelter and housing
  • Income
  • Access to sustainable resources
  • Social justice and equity
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16
Q

True or False: Inclusion means making it possible to be there but not having equal access.

A

False

17
Q

What does enabling mean in the context of occupational therapy?

A

Taking action in partnership with individuals or groups to empower them through mobilization of resources.

18
Q

What is the significance of structural and contextual factors in occupational justice?

A

Structural factors influence occupational justice outcomes, while contextual factors affect individual rights and opportunities.

19
Q

What is the link between health and occupational health in the South African context?

A

Health is influenced by social determinants, which include occupational risk factors that affect individual and community well-being.

20
Q

Provide an example of an occupational risk factor in South Africa.

A

Poor transportation infrastructure limiting access to jobs, healthcare, or recreational activities.

21
Q

What should occupational therapists promote to address occupational risk factors?

A

Occupational justice and awareness among individuals and communities.

22
Q

What are the implications for occupational therapists regarding occupational injustices?

A

They need to identify environmental and systemic barriers preventing client engagement in occupations.

23
Q

List three groups that have access to free health care in South Africa.

A
  • Pregnant women
  • Children under the age of 6
24
Q

What is the primary goal of health promotion?

A

To reduce differences in health status and ensure equal opportunities and resources for individuals to achieve their fullest health potential.

This includes a supportive environment, access to information, and opportunities for healthy choices.

25
Q

True or False: Health is solely a health sector issue.

A

False.

Health promotion requires coordinated action from various sectors, including governments, NGOs, and the media.

26
Q

What are the five actions/principles of health promotion?

A
  1. Build Healthy Public Policy
  2. Create Supportive Environments
  3. Strengthen Community Actions
  4. Develop Personal Skills
  5. Reorient Health Services

Each principle addresses different aspects of health promotion.

27
Q

Fill in the blank: Health promotion goes beyond ______.

A

health care.

It includes policy-making and societal changes that affect health.

28
Q

What is meant by ‘Creating Supportive Environments’ in health promotion?

A

Generating living and working conditions that are safe, stimulating, satisfying, and enjoyable.

This principle emphasizes the role of societal organization in promoting health.

29
Q

What does ‘Strengthening Community Actions’ entail?

A

Empowerment of communities, enhancing self-help and social support, and developing systems for public participation in health matters.

It aims to increase community ownership and control over health initiatives.

30
Q

What is the focus of ‘Developing Personal Skills’?

A

Providing information, education for health, and enhancing life skills.

This principle helps individuals gain control over their health and environments.

31
Q

What does ‘Reorient Health Services’ suggest?

A

Health services should be sensitive to cultural needs and support healthier lives for individuals and communities.

It involves opening channels between health and broader social components.

32
Q

What are some outcomes of the Rooftop Gardens initiative?

A
  1. Food security
  2. Increased health through exposure to healthier alternatives
  3. Job opportunities
  4. Exposure to a different environment

Gardening helps alleviate occupational deprivation.

33
Q

How does gardening relate to occupational therapy (OT) programmes?

A

Gardening can be used in intervention plans as it is meaningful to individuals.

It supports community engagement and personal skill development.

34
Q

What action areas are addressed in the Muizenberg video?

A
  1. Creating supportive environments
  2. Developing personal skills
  3. Strengthening community

Surfing programs provide healthy alternatives and role models for children.

35
Q

What contextual factors does the Muizenberg program address?

A
  1. Exposure to drug use
  2. Gang influences
  3. Educational motivation

The program offers healthier alternatives and discourages negative influences.

36
Q

Define ‘Occupational marginalization’.

A

When individuals are exposed to limited choices due to societal influences, such as drug use and gang activity.

This limits their ability to engage in meaningful occupations.

37
Q

What is ‘Occupational deprivation’?

A

A condition where individuals are deprived of meaningful occupations due to systemic issues like poverty.

Programs aim to expose individuals to meaningful occupations that can enhance their lives.

OT (3 decks)

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