Oc Dz Flashcards
subepithelial infiltrates
No corneal stain b/c epithelial is not broken
Non-metallic foreign bodies
vegetable matter cloth cilia stone glass
Name Metallic foreign bodies
*Rust ring corneal edema mild anterior chamber rxn
Hyphema signs
Lens subluxation Vossius ring Pain blurred vision blood in anterior chamber
8-ball hyphema
100% blood in anterior chamber
microhyphemas
RBCs in ant chamber `
Idiopathic hyphema caused by:
Blood thinners (aspirin, NSAID) Sickle Cell
Testing for hyphema
Complete blood count (CBC) Prothrombin time/partial thromboplastin time (PT/PTT) sickle cell screen
What test to AVOID if Intraocular foreign body?
MRI b/c if metal struck eye then bad if do MRI
(+) forced duction in which ocular conditions?
CANNOT physically move eye Brown syndrome Duane retraction Graves ophthalmopathy
trauma disrupts RPE and outer segments of PR
Commotio retinae
Berlin’s edema
commotio retinae in the macula acute vision loss if trauma w/in macula
does commotio retinae resolve on its own?
3-6 wks by itself
disinsertion of iris root and ciliary body; looks like peripheral iris hole
iridodialysis
subretinal neovascularization aka choroidal neovascularization in 6 conditions (mnemonic*)
CHBALA Choroidal rupture histoplasmosis Best Dz AMD Lacquer cracks Angioid streaks
What test should you perform if corneal or conjunctival tear or laceration
open globe wound -> Do Seidel’s test
What is pathophysiology? Name type of infections from it
Presceptal cellulitis: infection IN FRONT OF Orbital Septum
Ocular infection: hordeolum, dacryocystitis
systemic infection: upper respiratory tract or middle ear infection
skin truma: puncture wound, insect bite
name ocular condition for:
sinus infection: ethmoid sinusitis (infection easily spread thru thin lamina papyracea)
orbital infection: dacryoadenitis, dacryocystitis, progression of preseptal cellulitis
Orbital fracture
dental infection
Orbital Cellulitis
most common bacterial culprits in children and adults respectively
Haemophilus influenza for children
Staphylococcus aureus for adults
What common symptoms for orbital cellulitis
APD
proptosis
diplopia
EOM restrictions
Eyelid edema
Mucomycosis is what? can develop in diabetics and immunocompromised with orbital cellulitis
fungal infection, life-threatening, “Black eschar” in mouth and nose
Another name for thyroid eye disease
Graves’ ophthalmopathy
Thyroid Eye disease
Demographics/epidemiology
Pathophysiology
F >> M (8:1)
40-50s yo = MIDDLE-AGED
Myasthenia gravis
SMOKING!!! 2-9X risk of TED
autoimmune disorder where TSH inflames and thickens EOM by fibroblast proliferation
Can cause HYPERTHYROIDISM
Signs of: proptosis, upper eyelid retraction, EOM restriction, decreased color vision, APD
what is the name of the ocular condition
Thyroid eye disease
What are symptoms of TED
prominent eyes
chemosis
FBS
tearing
photophobia
diplopia
pain
decreased vision
color vision
What is NO SPECS
TED grading
N: No signs/symptoms
O: only signs and no symptoms. Dalrymple’s sign = “stare appearance” b/c of upper lid retraction
S: soft tissue such as lid edema and conjunctival chemosis
P: Proptosis
E: EOM involved -> cause diplopia; INFERIOR RECTUS affected first (IM SLO)
C: Corneal involvement (punctate keratitis, SLK, ulceration)
S: sight loss due to optic nerve compression
What is the greatest threat to vision
Optic nerve compression
capillary hemangioma
benign in children (diagnosed 6 months after birth)
can cause:
- proptosis
- deprivation amblyopia if visual axis blocked
*
most common benign tumor in adults
Cavernous hemangioma (40 - 60 yr olds)
F>>M
Name of benign yellow-white tumor in astrocytes commonly in young to middle-aged adults
Neurofibroma
