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Boards > Oc Anatomy > Flashcards

Oc Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

which recti EOM inserts closest to the limbus?

where to all recti originate?

A

MR

SR–>LR–>IR–>MR (spiral of tillaux). 7.7-6.9-6.5-5.5

CTR (common tendinous ring) - aka annulus of Zinn

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2
Q

how many degrees toward midline for OBlique EOMs to have primary action? What is their primary action?

A

51-55 degrees

  • action: TORSION (superiors intort, inferiors extort)
  • OBlique: ABduct
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3
Q 
Innervation for:
SR?
IR?
IO?
MR?
LR?
SO?
A

SR: SUPERIOR division of CN III
IR/IO/MR: INFERIOR division of CN III
LR: CN 6
SO: CN 4

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4
Q

LESSER wing of sphenoid - what wall of orbit? What runs thru it that’s important?

GREATER wing of sphenoid - what wall of orbit? What THREE foramen are in it, and what runs through them?

A

LESSER: SUPERIOR wall of orbit (ROOF=front-less) - OPTIC CANAL

GREATER: LATERAL wall of orbit (Lateral= Great-Z)

1) foramen rotundum (V2)
2) foramen ovale (V3), and lesser superficial petrosal
3) foramen spinosum (MMA)

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5
Q

most common benign orbital tumor in:

  • adults?
  • children?
A

adults: CAVERNOUS hemangioma
children: CAPILLARY hemangioma (strawberry birthmark)

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6
Q

The medial canthus is supplied by which arterial blood supply? Which artery did that blood supply terminate from?

A

ANGULAR artery; terminated from the FACIAL artery

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7
Q

The infraorbital artery is a branch of the ______ artery and supplies which two EOMs?

A

Maxillary; IO and IR

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8
Q

An internal carotid artery aneurysm within the cavernous sinus will most likely result in a CN___ palsy

A

6 - because it runs alongside the in the cavernous sinus

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9
Q

What’s the major threat to vision in a CRVO

A

Neovascular Glaucoma (90-day Glaucoma)

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10
Q

Venous DRAINAGE from the eye:

  • central retinal vein drains _____
  • ant ciliary veins drain ____
  • vortex veins drain _____
  • MAJORITY of draining occurs thru what vein?
  • Where do the two branches of the inf. oph vein drain?
A

CRV: inner 6 layers of retina
ACV: anterior structures (CB, conj, schlemm’s canal, iris)
Vortex: choroid
-SUPERIOR oph vein - main drainage
-INF branches: inf branch –> pterygoid plexus, sup branch –> cavernous sinus

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11
Q

Two issues/syndromes d/t cavernous sinus problems? Sx/Signs of each

A

Tolosa Hunt Syndome - PAINFUL external ophthalmoplegia - inflammation of the SOF and/or cavernous
Carotid Cavernous Fistula (CCF) - PAINFUL d/t abnml comm b/w artery/vein w/i cavernous

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12
Q

Total corneal thickness?
Thickness of…

-Epi?
(BM)
-Bowman's?
-Stroma?
-Descemet's?
-Endo?
A

550 microns

epi ~50
bowmans ~10
stroma ~450
descemet's ~10, increases throughout life
endo ~5 (1 cell layer)
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13
Q
  • TIGHT junction also termed what? Where’s the ONLY part of the cornea these exist? The iris?
  • WEAK/loose jxn termed what? Where are these found in the cornea? The lens?
A

tight jxn = ZONULA occludens = surface layer of corneal EPI. Also seen in IRIS capillaries (Blood-aqueous-barrier)
weak/loose jxn = MACULA occludens = corneal ENDO (allows nutrients/AA/glucose thru since cornea is avascular). Also seen in LENS EPI

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14
Q

Collagen type:

  • BM?
  • Bowman’s?
  • Stroma?
  • Descemet’s?
  • Lens capsule?
  • Vitreous?
A 
BM - Type 4
Bowmans - Type 1
Stroma - Type 1
Descemet's - Type 4
Lens capsule - Type 4
Vitreous - Type 2
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15
Q

-What layer of the epi secretes BM? Attaches via what cell type? What’s unique about this layer?

A
  • BASAL layer - attaches via hemidesmosomes

- the ONLY mitotic layer in the epi

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16
Q

T/F: corneal innervation exists in all layers of the cornea

A

FALSE: ONLY in the MID stroma –> ANT stroma –> Bowman’s –> epi…anything behind the mid-stroma receives NO innervation

17
Q

Which type of lens crystallin in lost with age? What is its normal role? Is it water or lipid-soluble?

A

ALPHA-crystallin - water soluble. Role: molecular chaperone–> helps beta and gamma crystallins recover from injury (prevents loss of lens fibers, maintains transparency) - LOSS of these fibers –> cataract

18
Q

Potential dz of pts with:
BLUE sclera -
YELLOW sclera -

A

blue - O. imperfecta, Ehlers-Danlos, scleritis

yellow - old people (nml), alcoholism (liver dz), wilson dz (Kayser-Fleischer)

19
Q 
#1 cause of preseptal cellulitis?
#1 cause of orbital cellulitis?
A

preseptal - minor skin trauma/hordeolum

-orbital - sinus infection

20
Q

dacryoADENITIS - inflamm of lacrimal ___

dacryoCYSTITIS - inflamm of lacrimal ___ -

  • two most common causes in adults?
  • one most common cause in kids?
A

adenitis - lac gland

cystitis - lac sac
NLDO in adults: 1) involutional stenosis (closing w/ age), 2) sinusitis
NLDO in kids: 1) issue w/ valve of hasner (closed - usually prevents back flow)

21
Q

What nerves pass THROUGH the SOF and the CTR?

What passes ABOVE the CTR?

A

THROUGH = NOA - nasociliary, oculomotor, abducens nerves

ABOVE = FLighT - frontal, lacrimal, trochlear nerves, +sup oph vein

BELOW = inf oph vein only

22
Q

Three places the SNS “mooches”?

A

1) ICA
2) on CN3 to get to MULLER
3) on CN5 to get to iris DILATOR

23
Q

what’s the most superior muscle in the orbit?

A

LEVATOR - not SR (it’s slightly below levator) - levator is just below the roof

24
Q

the lacrimal gland lies within which bone?

A

FRONTAL

25
Q

THINNEST bone in the orbit?

A

ethmoid (elms - makes up MEDIAL wall)

26
Q

orbital cellulitis - infection of the ___ ___ **

A

lamina papyracea (thin orbital portion of the ethmoid bone)

27
Q

GCA is an inflamm of ALL __ and __ -sized arteries, particularly the ____s, which leads to suffocation and irreverible ONH damage (___)

A

medium-large –> SPCAs (circle of Zinn) –> AAION

-will travel to contra eye if not tx’ed immediately w/ high dose corticosteroids

28
Q

EXTERNAL jugular vein is formed by the ___ vein and the ___ ___ vein –> drains blood from ___ face

INTERNAL jugular is a continuation of the ___ sinus; drains blood from…..?

A

external = retromandibular + posterior auricular, drains SUPERFICIAL face

internal = cont. of SIGMOID sinus - drains all common stuff: facial, occipital, lingual, superior, medial thyroid veins

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