Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Flashcards
What is obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome?
A sleep disorder characterized by repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep.
What are the predisposing factors for obstructive sleep apnoea?
Obesity, macroglossia (e.g., acromegaly, hypothyroidism, amyloidosis), large tonsils, Marfan’s syndrome.
What symptoms may a partner report in a person with obstructive sleep apnoea?
Excessive snoring and periods of apnoea.
What are the consequences of obstructive sleep apnoea?
Daytime somnolence, compensated respiratory acidosis, hypertension.
What is the Epworth Sleepiness Scale?
A questionnaire completed by the patient and/or partner to assess sleepiness.
What does the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) measure?
The time to fall asleep in a dark room using EEG criteria.
What are the diagnostic tests for obstructive sleep apnoea?
Sleep studies (polysomnography) ranging from pulse oximetry monitoring to full polysomnography measuring various physiological factors.
What is the first line management for moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnoea?
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
What alternatives exist if CPAP is not tolerated?
Intra-oral devices (e.g., mandibular advancement) may be used for mild OSAHS without daytime sleepiness.
What should be done if obstructive sleep apnoea causes excessive daytime sleepiness?
The DVLA should be informed.
Is there evidence supporting the use of pharmacological agents for obstructive sleep apnoea?
There is limited evidence to support their use.
