Infectious Mononucleosis Flashcards
What is infectious mononucleosis commonly known as?
Infectious mononucleosis is also known as glandular fever.
What virus primarily causes infectious mononucleosis?
Infectious mononucleosis is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 90% of cases.
What are less frequent causes of infectious mononucleosis?
Less frequent causes include cytomegalovirus and HHV-6.
In which age group is infectious mononucleosis most common?
It is most common in adolescents and young adults.
What is the classic triad of symptoms for infectious mononucleosis?
The classic triad includes sore throat, pyrexia, and lymphadenopathy.
What is lymphadenopathy in infectious mononucleosis?
Lymphadenopathy may be present in the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck.
What are other features of infectious mononucleosis?
Other features include malaise, anorexia, headache, palatal petechiae, splenomegaly, hepatitis, lymphocytosis, and haemolytic anaemia.
What percentage of patients develop a rash when taking ampicillin/amoxicillin?
A maculopapular, pruritic rash develops in around 99% of patients who take ampicillin/amoxicillin.
How long do symptoms of infectious mononucleosis typically last?
Symptoms typically resolve after 2-4 weeks.
What test is used for diagnosing infectious mononucleosis?
The heterophil antibody test (Monospot test) is used for diagnosis.
What does NICE recommend for confirming a diagnosis of glandular fever?
NICE guidelines suggest FBC and Monospot in the 2nd week of the illness.
What is the management approach for infectious mononucleosis?
Management is supportive, including rest, hydration, and simple analgesia.
What is the consensus guidance regarding contact sports after glandular fever?
It is advised to avoid playing contact sports for 4 weeks to reduce the risk of splenic rupture.
What correlation exists between EBV and socioeconomic groups?
Lower socioeconomic groups have high rates of EBV seropositivity, while higher socioeconomic groups show a higher incidence of infectious mononucleosis.
