Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Flashcards

1
Q

Pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea

A

Collapse of the pharyngeal airway

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2
Q

Characteristics of obstructive sleep apnoea

A

Episodes of apnoea during sleep, where the person stops breathing periodically for up to a few minutes

Normally reported by partner

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3
Q

Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea

A
Obesity 
Middle age 
Male 
Alcohol 
Smoking
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4
Q

Features of obstructive sleep apnoea

A

Episodes of apnoea during sleep (reported by their partner)

Snoring

Morning headache

Daytime sleepiness

Concentration problems

Reduced oxygen saturation during sleep

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5
Q

Severe consequences of obstructive sleep apnoea

A

Hypertension
Heart failure
Increased risk of MI and stroke

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6
Q

Epworth Sleepiness Scale

A

Assess symptoms of sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnoea

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7
Q

Management of obstructive sleep apnoea

A

Referral to an ENT specialist or a specialist sleep clinic to perform sleep studies

  • correct reversible RF
  • CPAP
  • Surgery - uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)
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8
Q

Sleep study

A

Patient sleeping in a laboratory whilst staff monitor their oxygen saturation, HR, RR and breathing to establish any episodes of apnoea and the extent of their snoring

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9
Q

How to correct reversible risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea

A

Advising them to stop drinking alcohol, stop smoking and lose weight

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10
Q

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)

A

Surgical reconstruction of the soft palate and jaw

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