Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Flashcards
Pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea
Collapse of the pharyngeal airway
Characteristics of obstructive sleep apnoea
Episodes of apnoea during sleep, where the person stops breathing periodically for up to a few minutes
Normally reported by partner
Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea
Obesity Middle age Male Alcohol Smoking
Features of obstructive sleep apnoea
Episodes of apnoea during sleep (reported by their partner)
Snoring
Morning headache
Daytime sleepiness
Concentration problems
Reduced oxygen saturation during sleep
Severe consequences of obstructive sleep apnoea
Hypertension
Heart failure
Increased risk of MI and stroke
Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Assess symptoms of sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnoea
Management of obstructive sleep apnoea
Referral to an ENT specialist or a specialist sleep clinic to perform sleep studies
- correct reversible RF
- CPAP
- Surgery - uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)
Sleep study
Patient sleeping in a laboratory whilst staff monitor their oxygen saturation, HR, RR and breathing to establish any episodes of apnoea and the extent of their snoring
How to correct reversible risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea
Advising them to stop drinking alcohol, stop smoking and lose weight
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)
Surgical reconstruction of the soft palate and jaw